metaPreg - Topiramate (Epilepsy) during pregnancy

Topiramate (Epilepsy) updated on 06-15-2026

Table Graphic exposition period:

Adverse outcome	OR 95%CI	I2	k	No. cases	No. exposed	publication bias	ROB	E-value
Congenital malformations
All congenital malformations (majors, minors, majors and minors, or unspecified)	1.99 [1.48, 2.67]	0%	11 studies	347	784	low	ROB	3.39 [2.33; .]
Major congenital malformations	1.99 [1.48, 2.67]	0%	11 studies	347	784	low	ROB	3.39 [2.33; .]
Congenital heart defects	1.62 [0.84, 3.13]	0%	5 studies	32	233	not evaluable	ROB	-
Limb defects	3.53 [1.09, 11.44]	0%	4 studies	5	81	not evaluable	ROB	6.51 [1.39; .]
Neural Tube Defects	5.56 [0.78, 39.78]	0%	3 studies	2	224	not evaluable	ROB	-
Digestive system anomalies	6.26 [0.69, 56.84]	0%	2 studies	4	37	not evaluable	ROB	-
Urinary malformations	1.68 [0.22, 13.11]	0%	2 studies	14	161	not evaluable	ROB	-
Hypospadias	3.30 [0.73, 14.97]	0%	2 studies	14	180	not evaluable	ROB	-
Oro-facial clefts	7.95 [0.83, 76.53]	19%	2 studies	5	180	not evaluable	ROB	-
5 non statistically significant endpoints reported in only one study
Growth parameters and prematurity
Adverse outcome	OR 95%CI	I2	k	No. cases	No. exposed	publication bias	ROB	E-value
Small for gestational age (weight)	1.95 [1.40, 2.71]	52%	3 studies	2,469	684	not evaluable	ROB	3.31 [2.16; .]
Preterm (< 37 weeks)	0.75 [0.49, 1.16]	0%	2 studies	3	2	not evaluable	ROB	-
Low birth weight (< 2500g)	1.66 [1.05, 2.62]	-	1 study	1,027	290	not evaluable	ROB	2.71 [1.29; .]
Maternal consequences
Adverse outcome	OR 95%CI	I2	k	No. cases	No. exposed	publication bias	ROB	E-value
3 non statistically significant endpoints reported in only one study
Intrauterine deaths
Adverse outcome	OR 95%CI	I2	k	No. cases	No. exposed	publication bias	ROB	E-value
Intrauterine deaths (as a whole or unspecified)	4.15 [0.51, 33.43]	73%	5 studies	106	98	not evaluable	ROB	-
Late intrauterine deaths (> 22 weeks) / Stillbirths	15.37 [0.63, 376.77]	0%	2 studies		3	not evaluable	ROB	-
Early intrauterine deaths (< 22 weeks) / Spontaneous abortions	8.47 [0.57, 125.19]	0%	2 studies	3	4	not evaluable	ROB	-
Neuro-developmental disorders
Adverse outcome	OR 95%CI	I2	k	No. cases	No. exposed	publication bias	ROB	E-value
ASD (Autism spectrum disorder): Diagnosis/Risk	1.54 [0.87, 2.73]	38%	6 studies	911	1,372	not evaluable	ROB	-
Language disorders/delay	1.90 [0.73, 4.94]	67%	5 studies	555	1,016	not evaluable	ROB	-
ADHD (Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder): Diagnosis/Risk	1.33 [0.88, 1.99]	42%	5 studies	1,004	1,392	not evaluable	ROB	-
ASD (Autism spectrum disorder): Diagnosis	1.53 [0.80, 2.94]	50%	5 studies	883	1,366	not evaluable	ROB	-
ADHD (Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder): Diagnosis	1.41 [0.84, 2.35]	54%	4 studies	1,004	1,365	not evaluable	ROB	-
Cognitive developmental disorders/delay (> 6 years old)	3.87 [2.04, 7.37]	21%	4 studies	394	399	not evaluable	ROB	7.21 [3.49; .]
Psychomotor developmental disorders/delay	0.94 [0.33, 2.70]	61%	3 studies		986	not evaluable	ROB	-
ASD (Autism spectrum disorder): Risk	2.65 [0.36, 19.38]	0%	2 studies	28	7	not evaluable	ROB	-
Neuro-developmental disorders (as a whole)	2.15 [1.15, 4.01]	0%	2 studies	455	248	not evaluable	ROB	3.72 [1.57; .]
Severe cognitive developmental delay (Mental retardation) (> 6 years old)	3.57 [1.42, 9.01]	52%	2 studies	388	361	not evaluable	ROB	6.60 [2.18; .]
Cognitive developmental disorders/delay (3-6 years old)	2.44 [1.27, 4.72]	0%	3 studies	13	1,250	not evaluable	ROB	4.32 [1.85; .]
Learning disorders	2.11 [0.15, 29.13]	84%	2 studies		970	not evaluable	ROB	-
Severe cognitive developmental delay (Mental retardation) (3-6 years old)	2.44 [1.27, 4.72]	0%	3 studies	13	1,250	not evaluable	ROB	4.32 [1.85; .]
2 non statistically significant endpoints reported in only one study