Topiramate (Epilepsy)

Language disorders/delay

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type  Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S12808
R48231
Meador (Topiramate) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2021 Language Score in 2 years old children with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID-III) 3rd trimester prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: Yes extrapolated (cont. endpoint) 2.58 [0.50;13.27]
excluded (control group)
-/5   -/93 - 5
ref
S12809
R48232
Meador (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2021 Language Score in 2 years old children with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID-III) 3rd trimester prospective cohort unexposed, disease free Adjustment: Yes extrapolated (cont. endpoint) 2.49 [0.48;12.82] -/5   -/87 - 5
ref
S7714
R22905
Husebye (Topiramate) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2020 Language impairment age 8 years (Language 20) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort propective exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 1.19 [0.11;12.82] C
excluded (control group)
1/4   9/41 10 4
ref
S7703
R22883
Husebye (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2020 Language impairment age 8 years (Language 20) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort propective unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: Yes 1.10 [0.10;10.90]
excluded (control group)
1/4   8,250/42,550 8,251 4
ref
S7708
R22893
Husebye (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020 Language impairment age 8 years (Language 20) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort propective unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 1.10 [0.11;10.87] C 1/4   35/150 36 4
ref
S7307
R21178
Bromley (Topiramate), 2016 Verbal abilities <85 (Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI) / Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC)) (5-9 years old) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort (registry) unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 1.59 [0.33;7.69] C 3/27   4/55 7 27
ref
Total 3 studies 1.76 [0.63;4.86] 43 36
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Meador (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2021Meador, 2021 1 2.49[0.48; 12.82]-538%ROB confusion: moderateROB selection: lowROB classification: lowROB missing: moderateROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: low Husebye (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020Husebye, 2020 2 1.10[0.11; 10.87]36420%ROB confusion: unclearROB selection: lowROB classification: lowROB missing: criticalROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Bromley (Topiramate), 2016Bromley, 2016 3 1.59[0.33; 7.69]72742%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Total (3 studies) I2 = 0% 1.76[0.63; 4.86]43360.55.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, disease free; 2: Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick; 3: Topiramate;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.76[0.63; 4.86]43360%NAMeador (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2021 Husebye (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020 Bromley (Topiramate), 2016 3 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 2.49[0.48; 12.87]-5 -NAMeador (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2021 1 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.41[0.39; 5.18]43310%NAHusebye (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020 Bromley (Topiramate), 2016 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.41[0.39; 5.18]43310%NAHusebye (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020 Bromley (Topiramate), 2016 2   - Yes  - Yes 2.49[0.48; 12.87]-5 -NAMeador (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2021 1 extrapolated (cont. endpoint)extrapolated (cont. endpoint) 2.49[0.48; 12.87]-5 -NAMeador (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2021 1 All studiesAll studies 1.76[0.63; 4.86]43360%NAMeador (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2021 Husebye (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020 Bromley (Topiramate), 2016 30.55.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 7714, 7703, 12808

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.90[0.50; 7.31]8,25190%NAMeador (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2021 Husebye (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2020 2 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.41[0.39; 5.18]43310%NAHusebye (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020 Bromley (Topiramate), 2016 2 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 2.01[0.52; 7.75]1090%NAMeador (Topiramate) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2021 Husebye (Topiramate) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2020 20.510.01.0