Topiramate (Epilepsy)

Small for gestational age (weight)

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S12544
R47234		 Dreier (Topiramate), 2021 Small for gestational age (birth weight below the 10th percentile for GA, sex and country) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes 1.61 [1.10;2.36] -/217   -/- - 217
ref
S8144
R25034		 Cohen (Topiramate) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2019 Small for gestational age (ICD-9 656.5, 764.0, 764.1, 764.9) early pregnancy retrospective cohort (claims database) exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: Yes 1.00 [0.33;2.98]
excluded (control group) 		-/-   -/- - -
ref
S8140
R25006		 Cohen (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed NOS), 2019 Small for gestational age (ICD-9 656.5, 764.0, 764.1, 764.9) early pregnancy retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes 1.00 [0.41;2.44] -/-   41,653/1,440,631 41,644 -
ref
S5494
R14515		 Hernández-Díaz (Topiramate), 2017 Small for gestational age during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: Yes 2.40 [1.80;3.10] -/394   -/1,799 - 394
ref
Total 3 studies 1.79 [1.19;2.72] 41,644 611
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Dreier (Topiramate), 2021Dreier, 2021 1 1.61[1.10; 2.36]-21738%ROB confusion: unclearROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Cohen (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed NOS), 2019Cohen, 2019 2 1.00[0.41; 2.44]41,644-16%ROB confusion: moderateROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Hernández-Díaz (Topiramate), 2017Hernández-Díaz, 2017 3 2.40[1.80; 3.10]-39446%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Total (3 studies) I2 = 62% 1.79[1.19; 2.72]41,6446110.55.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Topiramate; 2: Topiramate) (Controls unexposed NOS; 3: Topiramate;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.79[1.19; 2.72]41,64461162%NADreier (Topiramate), 2021 Cohen (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed NOS), 2019 Hernández-Díaz (Topiramate), 2017 3 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.00[0.41; 2.44]41,644- -NACohen (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed NOS), 2019 1 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.61[1.10; 2.36]-217 -NADreier (Topiramate), 2021 1 exposed to other treatment, sickexposed to other treatment, sick 2.40[1.83; 3.15]-394 -NAHernández-Díaz (Topiramate), 2017 1 Tags Adjustment   - Yes  - Yes 1.79[1.19; 2.72]41,64461162%NADreier (Topiramate), 2021 Cohen (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed NOS), 2019 Hernández-Díaz (Topiramate), 2017 3 All studiesAll studies 1.79[1.19; 2.72]41,64461162%NADreier (Topiramate), 2021 Cohen (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed NOS), 2019 Hernández-Díaz (Topiramate), 2017 30.55.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 8144

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.00[0.41; 2.44]41,644- -NACohen (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed NOS), 2019 1 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.61[1.10; 2.36]-217 -NADreier (Topiramate), 2021 1 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 1.83[0.83; 4.05]-39456%NACohen (Topiramate) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2019 Hernández-Díaz (Topiramate), 2017 20.510.01.0