Duloxetine updated on 10-20-2025

Table   Graphic     exposition period:

Congenital malformations
Adverse outcome OR 95%CII2k No. casesNo. exposedpublication biasROBE-value
All congenital malformations (majors, minors, majors and minors, or unspecified)1.03 [0.84, 1.27]5%6 studies31,0934,405not evaluable ROB-
Major congenital malformations1.03 [0.84, 1.27]5%6 studies31,0934,405not evaluable ROB-
Congenital heart defects1.32 [0.94, 1.85]0%2 studies1623,976not evaluable ROB-
Abdominal wall defects0.45 [0.21, 0.96]-1 study2,532not evaluable ROB3.87 [.; 1.26]
Digestive system anomalies1.06 [0.45, 2.49]65%2 studies393,966not evaluable ROB-
Eye defects0.67 [0.24, 1.91]0%2 studies133,966not evaluable ROB-
Genital anomalies1.10 [0.56, 2.19]0%2 studies133,966not evaluable ROB-
Limb defects0.54 [0.33, 0.89]0%2 studies563,966not evaluable ROB3.09 [.; 1.51]
Nervous system anomalies0.88 [0.31, 2.53]0%2 studies3,966not evaluable ROB-
Oro-facial clefts1.16 [0.31, 4.31]0%2 studies3,966not evaluable ROB-
Respiratory system anomalies1.03 [0.40, 2.67]0%2 studies3,966not evaluable ROB-
Urinary malformations1.18 [0.64, 2.18]0%2 studies143,966not evaluable ROB-
Ear malformations--0 study-
Ear, face and neck anomalies6.00 [0.72, 49.92]-1 study1,434not evaluable ROB-
Minor congenital malformations1.24 [0.89, 1.73]-1 study1571,444not evaluable ROB-
Other anomalies/syndromes (non chromosomal)1.75 [0.73, 4.18]-1 study221,434not evaluable ROB-
Other congenital malformations (Q80 to Q99)1.33 [0.41, 4.30]-1 study2,532not evaluable ROB-

Growth parameters and prematurity
Adverse outcome OR 95%CII2k No. casesNo. exposedpublication biasROBE-value
Preterm (< 37 weeks)1.82 [1.32, 2.51]71%7 studies201,7091,658serious ROB3.04 [1.96; .]
Small for gestational age (weight)1.01 [0.76, 1.36]30%4 studies116,7591,487not evaluable ROB-

Maternal consequences
Adverse outcome OR 95%CII2k No. casesNo. exposedpublication biasROBE-value
Preeclampsia1.11 [0.95, 1.29]0%2 studies48,7703,059not evaluable ROB-
Postpartum hemorrhage1.53 [1.08, 2.17]-1 study96,022955not evaluable ROB2.43 [1.36; .]

Neonatal disorders
Adverse outcome OR 95%CII2k No. casesNo. exposedpublication biasROBE-value
Low Apgar score (< 7) (at 5 min)1.59 [1.21, 2.08]0%2 studies31,1121,656not evaluable ROB2.55 [1.72; .]
Withdrawal syndrome / Neonatal abstinence syndrome / Poor neonatal adaptation4.76 [2.28, 9.95]-1 study59not evaluable ROB8.99 [3.98; .]
Jaundice / Icterus0.97 [0.57, 1.66]-1 study84139not evaluable ROB-
Neonatal medical care2.04 [1.29, 3.23]-1 study146139not evaluable ROB3.50 [1.90; .]
Neonatal tachypnea1.89 [1.06, 3.37]-1 study56139not evaluable ROB3.18 [1.30; .]
Persistent pulmonary hypertension8.85 [0.36, 218.46]-1 study1139not evaluable ROB-

Intrauterine deaths
Adverse outcome OR 95%CII2k No. casesNo. exposedpublication biasROBE-value
Early intrauterine deaths (< 22 weeks) / Spontaneous abortions1.79 [0.68, 4.71]78%3 studies3211,200not evaluable ROB-
Elective/induced termination of pregnancy1.41 [1.21, 1.64]0%2 studies7331,200not evaluable ROB2.18 [1.72; .]
Late intrauterine deaths (> 22 weeks) / Stillbirths0.83 [0.25, 2.74]-1 study111,559not evaluable ROB-

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