Study |
Type of data |
Exposure measurement |
Outcome assessment |
Adjustment |
Bar-Oz, 2000
|
prospective cohort
|
Details (timing and dose) of maternal drug therapy were reported by the treating physician.
|
Pregnancy outcome reports were sent to the manufacturer by the treating physician.
|
Subjects were matched for maternal age (within 2 years), last menstrual period (within 6 months), gravidity, parity, and alcohol and smoking status.
|
De Santis, 2009
|
prospective cohort
|
A structured questionnaire used to collect information about maternal medical features and details of itraconazole therapy (dosage and timing).
|
A structured questionnaire administered to women by telephone to collect information about major congenital anomalies (presence and type), delivery (gestational age and type), birth weight and neonatal complications using .
|
Groups were matched according to maternal age, gravidity and parity, cigarette smoking, alcohol and illicit drug consumption.
|
Jick, 1999
|
retrospective cohort (claims database)
|
General Practice Research Database of prescription.
|
Computer record was reviewed to identify indications of a congenital anomaly. For those with a suspected anomaly, we requested relevant clinical records from the general practitioner.
|
Age- and practice-matched women.
|
Molgaard-Nielsen, 2013
|
population based cohort retrospective
|
Prescriptions for oral fluconazole that were filled by the women during pregnancy was obtained from the National Prescription Registry.
|
Cases of major birth defects were identified through the National Patient Register.
|
The covariates included calendar year; demographic characteristics; socioeconomic variables; and status with respect to smoking, previous births with malformation, selected coexisting conditions, and treatment with oral antibiotic agents, immunosuppres- sive agents, oral corticosteroids, antiepileptic agents, oral contraceptives, or drugs for in vitro fertilization
|
Molgaard-Nielsen (Controls exposed to pivmecillinam), 2016
|
population based cohort retrospective
|
Information on prescriptions for oral fluconazole (a prescription-only drug) was obtained from the National Prescription Register.
|
The Medical Birth Register and the National Patient Register.
|
No match/adjustment for this group of comparison.
|
Molgaard-Nielsen (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2016
|
population based cohort retrospective
|
Information on prescriptions for oral fluconazole (a prescription-only drug) was obtained from the National Prescription Register.
|
The Medical Birth Register and the National Patient Register.
|
Each exposed pregnancy was matched to up to 4 unexposed control pregnancies based on propensity scores, maternal age (5-year categories), calendar year, and gestational age.
|