Metronidazole (local route only)

Table   Graphic  
individual studies
OutcomeTE95% CIn casesn exposedkPub. bias Congenital malformations All congenital malformations (majors, minors, majors and minors, or unspecified) Kazy - Metronidazole, 2005 11.10[0.80; 1.51]22,843168not evaluable Ano-rectal atresia and stenosis Kazy - Metronidazole, 2005 10.88[0.05; 14.30]22098not evaluable Cleft lip with or without cleft palate Kazy - Metronidazole, 2005 12.20[0.60; 8.08]1,374104not evaluable Cleft palate Kazy - Metronidazole, 2005 10.34[0.02; 5.40]58298not evaluable Club foot / Talipes equinovarus Kazy - Metronidazole, 2005 11.60[0.50; 5.16]2,424104not evaluable Congenital heart defects Kazy - Metronidazole, 2005 11.00[0.48; 2.10]4,479110not evaluable Ear malformations Kazy - Metronidazole, 2005 10.55[0.03; 8.88]35498not evaluable Gastroschisis Kazy - Metronidazole, 2005 10.82[0.05; 13.21]23898not evaluable Hydrocephaly Kazy - Metronidazole, 2005 110.70[1.10; 104.29]314103not evaluable Hypospadias Kazy - Metronidazole, 2005 10.70[0.31; 1.57]3,038108not evaluable Limb reduction defects (LRD) Kazy - Metronidazole, 2005 11.20[0.18; 8.14]548100not evaluable Major congenital malformations Kazy - Metronidazole, 2005 11.10[0.80; 1.51]22,843168not evaluable Neural Tube Defects Kazy - Metronidazole, 2005 10.30[0.08; 1.20]1,202100not evaluable Oesophageal atresia with or without tracheo-oesophageal fistula Kazy - Metronidazole, 2005 17.00[0.72; 68.48]217102not evaluable Polydactyly Kazy - Metronidazole, 2005 10.60[0.18; 1.99]1,744101not evaluable Bilateral renal agenesis including Potter syndrome Kazy - Metronidazole, 2005 11.87[0.12; 30.27]10498not evaluable Microcephaly / Small head circumference for gestational age Kazy - Metronidazole, 2005 11.30[0.18; 9.42]109390not evaluable0.0100.01.0