| Study | Country Study period Study design |
Data source | Exposure definition | Non-exposure definition | Exposition period | Sample size (exposed/unexposed) Or (case / control) |
Remarks | Risk of bias |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Chan (Controls exposed to SSRIs) 2024 |
China 2003 - 2018 retrospective cohort (claims database) |
The Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System (CDARS), an electronic health-record database developed by the Hospital-Authority which is a statutory body delivering government-subsidized, universal health coverage to all Hong Kong residents. | Infants of women with prescription of Dothiepin only filled during the first trimester and prescriptions filled before pregnancy but with duration overlapping the first trimester. |
exposed to other treatment, sick
Infants of women with prescription of Selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitors (SSRI) only filled during the first trimester and prescriptions filled before pregnancy but with duration overlapping the first trimester. |
1st trimester | 83 / 956 | ||
| Study data were obtained from the Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System, a database that contains prescribing/dispensing records. | ||||||||
|
Chan (Controls unexposed, general pop) 2024 |
China 2003 - 2018 retrospective cohort (claims database) |
The Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System (CDARS), an electronic health-record database developed by the Hospital-Authority which is a statutory body delivering government-subsidized, universal health coverage to all Hong Kong residents. | Infants of women with prescription of Dothiepin only filled during the first trimester and prescriptions filled before pregnancy but with duration overlapping the first trimester. |
unexposed (general population or NOS)
Infants of pregnant women who were not prescribed with any antidepressant within 90 days before the last menstrual period and during the first trimester. |
1st trimester | 83 / 462377 | ||
| Study data were obtained from the Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System, a database that contains prescribing/dispensing records. | ||||||||
|
Heuvelman 2023 |
United Kingdom 1995 - 2017 retrospective cohort (claims database) |
The UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink, a large, ongoing database of anonymised primary care medical records for patients registered with a general practice in the United Kingdom. | Women who had initiated or continued Dosulepin for the treatment of depressive symptoms during pregnancy. |
unexposed, sick
Women who did not initiate or who discontinue antidepressants during pregnancy. |
during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | 451 / 16330 | Dose–response relationships, sibling design and negative control for antidepressants use as a whole (not for the class of antidepressants). | |
| The Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) contains an extensive code list to identify the name, formulation and dose of medications, which are mandatory fields in the prescription electronic record (according to protocol). | ||||||||
|
Lee (Controls exposed to SSRI) 2025 |
China 2003 - 2018 retrospective cohort (claims database) |
The Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System (CDARS) of the Hospital Authority, Hong Kong. | Women filling at least one prescription of Dothiepin only during pregnancy, that is the period between the date of the last menstrual period and the date of delivery. |
exposed to other treatment, sick
Women filling at least one prescription of any selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) only during pregnancy, that is the period between the date of the last menstrual period and the date of delivery. |
during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | 131 / 1465 | ||
| The Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System (CDARS) that captures and links all clinical data, including prescribing and dispensing records. | ||||||||
|
Lee (Controls unexposed, general pop) 2025 |
China 2003 - 2018 retrospective cohort (claims database) |
The Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System (CDARS) of the Hospital Authority, Hong Kong. | Women filling at least one prescription of Dothiepin only during pregnancy, that is the period between the date of the last menstrual period and the date of delivery. |
unexposed (general population or NOS)
Women who were not prescribed with any antidepressant during index pregnancy. |
during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | 131 / 463440 | ||
| The Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System (CDARS) that captures and links all clinical data, including prescribing and dispensing records. | ||||||||
| Study | Country Study period Study design |
Data source | Case | Control | Exposition | Exposition period | Sample size (exposed/unexposed) Or (case / control) |
Remarks | Risk of bias |
|---|
Risk of bias: : NA; : low; : moderate; : serious; : critical; : unclear;