Econazole - Medication and Pregnancy KB

Econazole

Exposed non-exposed, cohort studies

Study	Country Study period Study design	Data source	Exposure definition	Non-exposure definition	Exposition period	Sample size (exposed/unexposed) Or (case / control)	Remarks	Risk of bias

Empty. There are no case-control studies available for this drug.

Case-control studies

Study	Country Study period Study design	Data source	Case	Control	Exposition	Exposition period	Sample size (exposed/unexposed) Or (case / control)	Remarks	Risk of bias
Carter 2008	USA 1997 - 2003 case control	National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS), USA	Cases with selected birth defects (included live births, stillbirths 20 weeks or longer or greater than 500 g, or elective terminations).	Live births without birth defects that were randomly selected from birth certificates or birth hospitals in the geographic regions monitored by the state surveillance systems.	Structured maternal interviews were conducted mainly by telephone in English or Spanish no later than 24 months after the expected date of delivery (EDD) to obtain data on maternal exposures during pregnancy.	1st trimester	12274 / 4774
Carter 2008	USA 1997 - 2003 case control	National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS), USA	Cases and controls were identified by the birth defects surveillance systems in 10 states of USA. Medical records were obtained for all cases and reviewed by clinical geneticists.			1st trimester	12274 / 4774
Czeizel 2003	Hungary 1980 - 1996 case control	Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities (HCCSCA)	Newborn infants (liveborn infants, stillborn and electively terminated fetuses) with congenital abnormalities. Minor anomalies were excluded.	Newborn infants without congenital abnormalities.	Exposure data collected from 3 sources: a post-paid structured questionnaire sent to the parents requesting drugs taken during pregnancy, according to gestational months; maternal prenatal care logbook (in which obstetricians must record all prescribed drugs); nurses visited non-responding families.	1st trimester	22843 / 38151
Czeizel 2003	Hungary 1980 - 1996 case control		The Hungarian Congenital Abnormality Registry (HCAR), in which notification by physicians of cases with Congenital anomalies is mandatory (including infant deaths and usual stillborn fetuses). Controls were selected from the National Birth Registry of the Central Statistical Office.			1st trimester	22843 / 38151

Risk of bias: : NA; : low; : moderate; : serious; : critical; : unclear;

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