| Study | Country Study period |
Population source | Exposure definition | Non-exposure definition | Sample size | Rmk |
|---|
| Study | Country Study period |
Case | Control | Sample size | Rmk |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anderson, 2020 |
USA 1997 - 2011 |
The case infants were infants born alive or died at 20 SG or more and who had received a diagnosis of at least one selected birth defect. | The controls were live-born infants with no major birth defects who were randomly selected from hospital or state birth-certificate records from the same geographic areas. | 30630 / 11478 | 'Infants with recognized or strongly suspected chromosomal abnormalities or single-gene conditions were excluded from the study.' |