Nortriptyline

Study	Type of data	Exposure measurement	Outcome assessment	Adjustment
Anderson, 2020	case control	Information on exposure to TCAs and other potential risk factors during pregnancy were collected by standardized telephone interviews with mothers of case and control infants, conducted 6 weeks to 24 months after the estimated date of delivery (EDD).	Case infants were ascertained through population-based birth-defects surveillance systems in 10 U.S. states. Controls were selected randomly from the same geographic areas. Clinical data were abstracted from medical records and classified by clinician geneticists and other clinicians.	No adjustment for this group of exposure.
Kjaersgaard (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2013	population based cohort retrospective	Information on all redeemed prescriptions was obtained from the Denmark Registry of Medicinal Product Statistics.	Clinically recognized abortions were identified in the Danish National Hospital Registry, that contains data on in- and outpatient contacts in Denmark coded according to a Danish version of the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10).	No adjustment for this group of exposure.
Kjaersgaard (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013	population based cohort retrospective	Information on all redeemed prescriptions was obtained from the Denmark Registry of Medicinal Product Statistics.	Clinically recognized abortions were identified in the Danish National Hospital Registry, that contains data on in- and outpatient contacts in Denmark coded according to a Danish version of the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10).	No adjustment for this group of exposure.
Kolding (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2021	population based cohort retrospective	Exposure to antidepressants was measured using redeemed prescriptions through linkage to the Danish Health Services Prescription Database.	Data on prenatally diagnosed cardiac malformations came from the Danish Fetal Medicine Database and data on cardiac malformations diagnosed up to 1 year postnatally came from the Danish National Patient Registry.	Variables included in the analysis with propensity score fine stratification: ethnicity, civil status, parity, age, BMI, smoking, exposure to teratogens, antihypertensives, antidiabetics, use of other psychotropic drugs, depression diagnosis, diabetes diagnosis.
Kolding (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021	population based cohort retrospective	Exposure to antidepressants was measured using redeemed prescriptions through linkage to the Danish Health Services Prescription Database.	Data on prenatally diagnosed cardiac malformations came from the Danish Fetal Medicine Database and data on cardiac malformations diagnosed up to 1 year postnatally came from the Danish National Patient Registry.	Adjusted for smoking and age at conception.
Lee (Controls exposed to SSRI), 2025	retrospective cohort (claims database)	The Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System (CDARS) that captures and links all clinical data, including prescribing and dispensing records.	The Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System (CDARS) that captures and links all clinical data, including clinical information like diagnoses, clinic attendances, hospital admissions.	Singleton. No adjustment for this group of comparison.
Lee (Controls unexposed, general pop), 2025	retrospective cohort (claims database)	The Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System (CDARS) that captures and links all clinical data, including prescribing and dispensing records.	The Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System (CDARS) that captures and links all clinical data, including clinical information like diagnoses, clinic attendances, hospital admissions.	Singleton. Adjusted for age, parity, maternal diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, epilepsy, physical comorbidity burden, gestational diabetes and hypertensive disorders, maternal psychiatric disorders, substance/alcohol use disorders, drugs during pregnancy (antipsychotics, lithium, valproate, lamotrigine, carbamazepine, benzodiazepines, z-hypnotics, opioid), history of psychiatric admission...

master protocol