Primidone (All indications)

Table   Graphic  
individual studies
OutcomeTE95% CIn casesn exposedkPub. bias Congenital malformations All congenital malformations (majors, minors, majors and minors, or unspecified) Lowe (Primidone) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1973 Canger (Primidone), 1999 Kaneko (Primidone), 1999 Samrén (Primidone), 1999 Dean (Primidone), 2002 Kaaja (Primidone), 2003 Bànhidy (Primidone), 2011 Källén (Primidone) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Indications NOS), 2013 Tomson (Primidone), 2018 Vajda (Primidone) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2019 102.74[1.43; 5.24]49,650161low Major congenital malformations Canger (Primidone), 1999 Samrén (Primidone), 1999 Dean (Primidone), 2002 Kaaja (Primidone), 2003 Bànhidy (Primidone), 2011 Källén (Primidone) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Indications NOS), 2013 Tomson (Primidone), 2018 Vajda (Primidone) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2019 82.45[1.08; 5.52]49,633122not evaluable Cleft lip with or without cleft palate Lowe (Primidone) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1973 131.57[0.54; 1833.75]-4not evaluable Minor congenital malformations Battino (Primidone), 1992 Dean (Primidone), 2002 23.46[0.38; 31.70]1233not evaluable Neural Tube Defects Canger (Primidone), 1999 Bànhidy (Primidone), 2011 20.63[0.05; 8.17]141not evaluable Club foot / Talipes equinovarus Bànhidy (Primidone), 2011 15.18[0.18; 150.46]17not evaluable Congenital heart defects Bànhidy (Primidone), 2011 10.16[0.01; 3.42]56not evaluable Eye defects Dean (Primidone), 2002 11.62[0.06; 44.25]62not evaluable Hypospadias Bànhidy (Primidone), 2011 10.25[0.01; 5.72]36not evaluable Microcephaly / Small head circumference for gestational age Battino (Primidone), 1999 12.33[0.55; 9.99]1034not evaluable Polydactyly Bànhidy (Primidone), 2011 10.35[0.01; 8.58]26not evaluable Spina bifida Czeizel (Primidone), 1992 10.33[0.01; 12.82]13not evaluable Growth parameters and prematurity Small for gestational age (weight) Burja (Primidone) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2006 Kilic (Primidone) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014 24.47[0.14; 140.06]59921not evaluable Preterm (< 37 weeks) Koch (Primidone), 1996 Kilic (Primidone) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014 26.23[0.60; 64.99]39134not evaluable Low birth weight (< 2500g) Kilic (Primidone) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014 11.06[0.14; 7.97]25020not evaluable Neonatal disorders Withdrawal syndrome / Neonatal abstinence syndrome / Poor neonatal adaptation Burja (Primidone) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2006 163.00[0.51; 7760.63]-1not evaluable Feeding difficulty Burja (Primidone) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2006 120.33[0.29; 1423.95]11not evaluable Neonatal intracranial hemorrhage Burja (Primidone) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2006 111.80[0.19; 731.60]21not evaluable Intrauterine deaths Perinatal death Canger (Primidone), 1999 10.71[0.01; 37.03]-35not evaluable Neuro-developmental disorders Cognitive developmental disorders/delay (> 6 years old) Titze (Primidone) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2008 10.45[0.02; 12.49]19not evaluable Neuro-developmental disorders (as a whole) Katz (Primidone), 2001 Dean (Primidone), 2002 22.15[0.15; 30.90]44not evaluable Severe cognitive developmental delay (Mental retardation) (> 6 years old) Titze (Primidone) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2008 10.45[0.02; 12.49]19not evaluable Psychomotor developmental disorders/delay Koch (Primidone), 1996 11.67[0.26; 10.64]611not evaluable0.0100.01.0