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Imipramine
Overall results
Study description
Excluded studies
Table
Graphic
auto
during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)
1st trimester
2nd trimester
3rd trimester
2nd and/or 3rd trimester
throughout pregnancy
early pregnancy
days before delivery
late pregnancy
preconception-only
periconceptional
preconceptional for kinetic reason
at least 1st trimester
3 months (or more) before pregnancy or during pregnancy
1st and 2nd trimester
3 months or more before pregnancy or1st trimester
Paternal exp. genotoxic window only (0–3 months preconception)
Paternal exposure: epigenetic window only (3–xxx months preconception)
Paternal exposure: genotoxic/epigenetic window (0–xxx months preconception)
Paternal exposure: other window
Whatever the period exposition
individual studies
Outcome
TE
95% CI
n cases
n exposed
k
Pub. bias
Congenital malformations
All congenital malformations (majors, minors, majors and minors, or unspecified)
Kullander, 1976 Anderson, 2020
2
1.23
[
0.17
; 9.15]
31,381
17
not evaluable
Major congenital malformations
Kullander, 1976 Anderson, 2020
2
0.99
[
0.14
; 7.09]
30,830
14
not evaluable
Minor congenital malformations
Kullander, 1976
1
3.04
[
0.82
; 11.25]
551
12
not evaluable
Growth parameters and prematurity
Large for gestational age (weight)
Lee (Controls unexposed, general pop), 2025
1
1.27
[
0.40
; 4.05]
9,747
64
not evaluable
Low birth weight (< 2500g)
Lee (Controls unexposed, general pop), 2025
1
0.74
[
0.30
; 1.84]
31,352
64
not evaluable
Preterm (< 37 weeks)
Lee (Controls unexposed, general pop), 2025
1
1.28
[
0.61
; 2.68]
28,551
64
not evaluable
Small for gestational age (weight)
Lee (Controls unexposed, general pop), 2025
1
2.08
[
0.65
; 6.66]
6,989
64
not evaluable
Maternal consequences
Assisted deliveries (forceps, vacuum, ...)
Lee (Controls unexposed, general pop), 2025
1
0.95
[
0.38
; 2.37]
46,041
64
not evaluable
Caesarean
Lee (Controls unexposed, general pop), 2025
1
1.34
[
0.81
; 2.22]
111,664
64
not evaluable
Maternal consequences (as a whole)
Lee (Controls unexposed, general pop), 2025
1
1.20
[
0.67
; 2.14]
311,142
64
not evaluable
Postpartum hemorrhage
Lee (Controls unexposed, general pop), 2025
1
0.89
[
0.22
; 3.62]
19,757
64
not evaluable
Neonatal disorders
Low Apgar score (< 7) (at 1 min)
Lee (Controls unexposed, general pop), 2025
1
0.36
[
0.05
; 2.58]
14,884
64
not evaluable
Low Apgar score (< 7) (at 5 min)
Lee (Controls unexposed, general pop), 2025
1
2.11
[
0.13
; 34.15]
1,721
64
not evaluable
Neonatal death (< 28 days of life)
Lee (Controls unexposed, general pop), 2025
1
5.81
[
0.36
; 93.97]
627
64
not evaluable
Neonatal disorders (as a whole)
Lee (Controls unexposed, general pop), 2025
1
2.41
[
1.43
; 4.06]
161,448
64
not evaluable
Neonatal medical care
Lee (Controls unexposed, general pop), 2025
1
1.41
[
0.44
; 4.51]
8,569
64
not evaluable
Long term consequences
Child/Infant death (> 28 days of life)
Lee (Controls unexposed, general pop), 2025
1
27.95
[
1.72
; 454.24]
130
64
not evaluable
Intrauterine deaths
Early intrauterine deaths (< 22 weeks) / Spontaneous abortions
Kjaersgaard, 2013
1
1.19
[
0.65
; 2.18]
-
-
not evaluable
0.0
100.0
1.0
