Hydroxychloroquine (All indications except Antiphospholipid Syndrom)

Oro-facial clefts

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S13680
R53160		 Howley - BDS study, 2021 Any oral cleft 3 months (or more) before pregnancy or during pregnancy excluded case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No Indication HCQ: Rheumatic diseases as a whole (Systemic lupus erythematosus, Rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome...) 1.22 [0.25;3.56]
excluded (exposition period) 		3/-   -/- - -
ref
S13681
R53168		 Howley - NBDPS study, 2021 Any oral cleft 3 months (or more) before pregnancy or during pregnancy excluded case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No Indication HCQ: Rheumatic diseases as a whole (Systemic lupus erythematosus, Rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome...) 1.87 [0.69;4.07]
excluded (exposition period) 		6/-   -/- - -
ref
S13683
R53177		 Huybrechts (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Oral clefts 1st trimester retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes Indication HCQ: Rheumatic diseases as a whole (Systemic lupus erythematosus, Rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome...) 3.70 [1.55;8.82] -/2,045   25/21,679 16 2,045
ref
Total 1 studies 3.70 [1.55;8.83] 16 2,045
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Huybrechts (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021Huybrechts, 2021 1 3.70[1.55; 8.82]162,0450%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: unclearROB reporting: moderate0.910.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 3.70[1.55; 8.83]162,045 -NAHuybrechts (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 1 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 3.70[1.55; 8.83]162,045 -NAHuybrechts (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 1 Tags Adjustment   - Yes  - Yes 3.70[1.55; 8.83]162,045 -NAHuybrechts (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 1 Indication HCQ   - Rheumatic diseases as a whole (Syst ...  - Rheumatic diseases as a whole (Systemic lupus erythematosus, Rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome...) 3.70[1.55; 8.83]162,045 -NAHuybrechts (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 1 All studiesAll studies 3.70[1.55; 8.83]162,045 -NAHuybrechts (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 10.510.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 3.70[1.55; 8.83]162,045 -NAHuybrechts (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 10.510.01.0