Hydroxychloroquine (All indications except Antiphospholipid Syndrom)

Gestational diabetes

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S13692
R53242		 Gernaat (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2022 Gestational Diabete Mellitus 3 months (or more) before pregnancy or during pregnancy population based cohort retrospective unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: No Indication HCQ: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) 1.76 [0.80;3.88] C
excluded (control group) 		7/287   65/4,644 72 287
ref
S13693
R53243		 Gernaat (Controls unexposed, sick), 2022 Gestational Diabete Mellitus 3 months (or more) before pregnancy or during pregnancy excluded population based cohort retrospective unexposed, sick Adjustment: No Indication HCQ: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) 0.90 [0.35;2.36] C
excluded (exposition period) 		7/287   11/408 18 287
ref
S13707
R53364		 Abd Rahman, 2020 Gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No Indication HCQ: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) 0.86 [0.75;0.98] 0/47   5/35 5 47
ref
S13713
R53415		 Mollerach, 2019 Gestational diabetes throughout pregnancy retrospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No Indication HCQ: Rheumatic diseases as a whole (Systemic lupus erythematosus, Rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome...) 3.52 [0.07;185.75] C 0/14   0/48 0 14
ref
S13715
R53422		 Seo, 2019 Gestational diabetes mellitus throughout pregnancy retrospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No Indication HCQ: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) 3.68 [0.40;33.76] C 4/80   1/71 5 80
ref
Total 3 studies 0.94 [0.57;1.55] 10 141
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Abd Rahman, 2020Abd Rahman, 2020 0.86[0.75; 0.98]54794%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: unclearROB missing: unclearROB mesure: unclearROB reporting: moderate Mollerach, 2019Mollerach, 2019 3.52[0.07; 185.75]0142%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Seo, 2019Seo, 2019 3.68[0.40; 33.76]5805%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: lowROB classification: unclearROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (3 studies) I2 = 6% 0.94[0.57; 1.55]101410.210.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 0.94[0.57; 1.55]101416%NAAbd Rahman, 2020 Mollerach, 2019 Seo, 2019 3 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 0.94[0.57; 1.55]101416%NAAbd Rahman, 2020 Mollerach, 2019 Seo, 2019 3 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 0.94[0.57; 1.55]101416%NAAbd Rahman, 2020 Mollerach, 2019 Seo, 2019 3 Indication HCQ   - Rheumatic diseases as a whole (Syst ...  - Rheumatic diseases as a whole (Systemic lupus erythematosus, Rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome...) 3.52[0.07; 185.75]-14 -NAMollerach, 2019 1   - Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)  - Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) 1.15[0.37; 3.59]1012739%NAAbd Rahman, 2020 Seo, 2019 2 All studiesAll studies 0.94[0.57; 1.55]101416%NAAbd Rahman, 2020 Mollerach, 2019 Seo, 2019 30.210.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 13692

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 0.94[0.57; 1.55]101416%NAAbd Rahman, 2020 Mollerach, 2019 Seo, 2019 30.510.01.0

Umbrella review (other published meta-analyses)

Published MATE95% CIn exposedkI2Control groupExposition period Duan (SLE indication)Duan (SLE indication) 2.30[0.44; 12.12]0%-unexposed, sickthroughout pregnancystudies2 Duan (SLE indication)Duan (SLE indication) 0.88[0.19; 3.96]0%-unexposed, sickthroughout pregnancystudies2 Duan (SLE indication)Duan (SLE indication) Out of scale0.26[0.05; 1.51]7%-unexposed, sickthroughout pregnancystudies2 metaPregmetaPreg 0.94[0.57; 1.55]6%141--Abd Rahman, 2020 Mollerach, 2019 Seo, 2019 30.510.01.0