Methyldopa (versus unexposed) updated on 03-11-2025

Congenital heart defects

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S14248
R55995		 Fisher (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2017 Any Congenital Heart Defects early pregnancy case control unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: Yes Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified 1.37 [0.90;2.11]
excluded (control group) 		54/93   10,571/21,669 10,625 93
ref
S14249
R56004		 Fisher (Controls unexposed, sick), 2017 Any Congenital Heart Defects early pregnancy case control unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified 1.15 [0.74;1.77] 57/99   -/- - 99
ref
S14369
R56901		 De Jonge, 2013 Heart malformations 1st trimester case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified 0.32 [0.02;5.16] C 0/52   873/30,044 873 52
ref
Total 2 studies 1.12 [0.72;1.72] 873 151
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Fisher (Controls unexposed, sick), 2017Fisher, 2017 1 1.15[0.74; 1.77]-9998%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate De Jonge, 2013De Jonge, 2013 0.32[0.02; 5.16]873522%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 0% 1.12[0.72; 1.72]8731510.25.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 0 case control studiescase control studies 1.12[0.72; 1.72]8731510%NAFisher (Controls unexposed, sick), 2017 De Jonge, 2013 2 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 0.32[0.02; 5.16]87352 -NADe Jonge, 2013 1 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.15[0.74; 1.78]-99 -NAFisher (Controls unexposed, sick), 2017 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 0.32[0.02; 5.16]87352 -NADe Jonge, 2013 1   - Yes  - Yes 1.15[0.74; 1.78]-99 -NAFisher (Controls unexposed, sick), 2017 1 Indications Antihypertensive   - All hypertensions, any indications ...  - All hypertensions, any indications or not specified 1.12[0.72; 1.72]8731510%NAFisher (Controls unexposed, sick), 2017 De Jonge, 2013 2 All studiesAll studies 1.12[0.72; 1.72]8731510%NAFisher (Controls unexposed, sick), 2017 De Jonge, 2013 20.15.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 14248

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.30[0.76; 2.22]11,4981453%NAFisher (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2017 De Jonge, 2013 2 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.15[0.74; 1.78]-99 -NAFisher (Controls unexposed, sick), 2017 10.510.01.0