Citalopram updated on 07-01-2025

Urinary malformations

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S7437
R21933		 Bérard, 2017 Urinary system malformations 1st trimester retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes Monotherapy: substance alone among all Antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) Unexposed sick: intermediate history of illness/treatment (3-12 months before pregnancy) 0.18 [0.02;1.26] -/584   -/14,847 - 584
ref
S8214
R25528		 Jordan, 2016 Urinary 3 months or more before pregnancy or1st trimester excluded retrospective cohort (registry) unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No Monotherapy: no or not specified 1.60 [1.02;2.52] C
excluded (exposition period) 		19/4,028   1,496/506,155 1,515 4,028
ref
S5884
R14729		 Ban (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014 Urinary system malformations 1st trimester retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed, disease free Adjustment: Yes Monotherapy: substance alone among the specific class of antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 2.07 [1.10;3.92] -/1,946   815/325,294 - 1,946
ref
S6014
R15488		 Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012 Congenital malformations of the internal urinary system 1st trimester population based cohort retrospective unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Monotherapy: substance alone among the specific class of antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 2.02 [1.05;3.89] 9/1,606   2,333/843,797 2,342 1,606
ref
S6161
R16196		 Louik, 2007 Renal-collecting-system defects 1st trimester case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Monotherapy: substance alone among the specific class of antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 1.90 [0.40;8.80] 2/17   642/6,487 644 17
ref
Total 4 studies 1.66 [0.88;3.13] 2,986 4,153
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Bérard, 2017Bérard, 2017 0.18[0.02; 1.26]-5848%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: moderateROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Ban (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014Ban, 2014 1 2.07[1.10; 3.92]-1,94640%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012Jimenez-Solem, 2012 2 2.02[1.05; 3.89]2,3421,60639%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: critical Louik, 2007Louik, 2007 1.90[0.40; 8.80]6441713%ROB confusion: moderateROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Total (4 studies) I2 = 41% 1.66[0.88; 3.13]2,9864,1530.05.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed, disease free; 2: Controls unexposed, NOS;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.51[0.67; 3.43]2,3424,13660%NABérard, 2017 Ban (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014 Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012 3 case control studiescase control studies 1.90[0.41; 8.91]64417 -NALouik, 2007 1 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 2.03[1.31; 3.15]2,9863,5690%NABan (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014 Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012 Louik, 2007 3 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 0.18[0.02; 1.43]-584 -NABérard, 2017 1 Tags Adjustment   - Yes  - Yes 1.66[0.88; 3.13]2,9864,15341%NABérard, 2017 Ban (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014 Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012 Louik, 2007 4 Monotherapy   - substance alone among all Antidep ( ...  - substance alone among all Antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 0.18[0.02; 1.43]-584 -NABérard, 2017 1   - substance alone among the specific ...  - substance alone among the specific class of antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 2.03[1.31; 3.15]2,9863,5690%NABan (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014 Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012 Louik, 2007 3 Unexposed sick   - intermediate history of illness/tre ...  - intermediate history of illness/treatment (3-12 months before pregnancy) 0.18[0.02; 1.43]-584 -NABérard, 2017 1 All studiesAll studies 1.66[0.88; 3.13]2,9864,15341%NABérard, 2017 Ban (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014 Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012 Louik, 2007 40.05.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot
0.0-2.53.01.2680.000Bérard, 2017Ban (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012Louik, 2007

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot
0.01.00.01.0

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 2.03[1.31; 3.15]3,7923,5690%NABan (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014 Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012 Louik, 2007 3 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls Out of scale0.18[0.02; 1.43]-584 -NABérard, 2017 10.510.01.0