Citalopram updated on 07-01-2025

Eye defects

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S7351
R21512		 Wemakor, 2015 Eye malformations 1st trimester case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No Monotherapy: substance alone among all Antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 2.07 [0.48;8.85] C 2/22   826/17,889 828 22
ref
S5884
R14735		 Ban (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014 Eye malformations 1st trimester retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed, disease free Adjustment: Yes Monotherapy: substance alone among the specific class of antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 0.55 [0.08;3.95] -/1,946   313/325,294 - 1,946
ref
S6014
R15493		 Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012 Malformations of the eye 1st trimester population based cohort retrospective unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Monotherapy: substance alone among the specific class of antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 2.62 [1.09;6.34] 5/1,606   -/843,797 - 1,606
ref
S7179
R20207		 Colvin, 2011 Congenital abnormalities of eye 1st trimester retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No Monotherapy: substance alone among the specific class of antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 1.65 [0.23;11.88] -/775   74/94,561 - 775
ref
Total 4 studies 1.98 [1.02;3.83] 828 4,349
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Wemakor, 2015Wemakor, 2015 2.07[0.48; 8.85]8282221%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Ban (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014Ban, 2014 1 0.55[0.08; 3.95]-1,94612%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: moderateROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012Jimenez-Solem, 2012 2 2.62[1.09; 6.34]-1,60657%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: critical Colvin, 2011Colvin, 2011 1.65[0.23; 11.88]-77511%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (4 studies) I2 = 0% 1.98[1.02; 3.83]8284,3490.210.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed, disease free; 2: Controls unexposed, NOS;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.92[0.88; 4.17]-4,3274%NABan (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014 Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012 Colvin, 2011 3 case control studiescase control studies 2.07[0.48; 8.85]82822 -NAWemakor, 2015 1 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.98[1.02; 3.83]8284,3490%NAWemakor, 2015 Ban (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014 Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012 Colvin, 2011 4 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.91[0.59; 6.15]8287970%NAWemakor, 2015 Colvin, 2011 2   - Yes  - Yes 1.54[0.36; 6.57]-3,55251%NABan (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014 Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012 2 Monotherapy   - substance alone among all Antidep ( ...  - substance alone among all Antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 2.07[0.48; 8.85]82822 -NAWemakor, 2015 1   - substance alone among the specific ...  - substance alone among the specific class of antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 1.92[0.88; 4.17]-4,3274%NABan (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014 Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012 Colvin, 2011 3 All studiesAll studies 1.98[1.02; 3.83]8284,3490%NAWemakor, 2015 Ban (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014 Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012 Colvin, 2011 40.210.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot
0.0-2.43.01.2080.000Wemakor, 2015Ban (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012Colvin, 2011

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot
0.01.00.01.0

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.98[1.02; 3.83]1,1974,3490%NAWemakor, 2015 Ban (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2014 Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012 Colvin, 2011 40.510.01.0