Citalopram updated on 07-01-2025

Hypospadias

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S7471
R22315		 Anderson, 2020 Hypospadias, 2nd or 3rd degree 1st trimester case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Monotherapy: substance alone among all Antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 1.15 [0.58;2.28] -/-   0/- - -
ref
S6005
R15389		 Furu, 2015 Hypospadias 1st trimester population based cohort retrospective unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Monotherapy: substance alone among all Antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 1.27 [0.89;1.82] 31/11,193   4,526/2,266,875 4,557 11,193
ref
S7351
R21506		 Wemakor, 2015 Hypospadias 1st trimester case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Monotherapy: substance alone among all Antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 3.21 [1.56;6.60] 2/29   3,039/20,095 3,041 29
ref
S18283
R76943		 Reis (Controls exposed to TCA), 2010 Hypospadias early pregnancy population based cohort retrospective exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No Monotherapy: substance alone among the specific class of antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 1.78 [0.86;3.70] C
excluded (control group) 		38/3,950   9/1,662 47 3,950
ref
S18284
R76947		 Reis (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2010 Hypospadias early pregnancy population based cohort retrospective unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Monotherapy: substance alone among the specific class of antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 1.30 [0.94;1.80] 38/3,950   -/1,062,190 - 3,950
ref
S6161
R16197		 Louik, 2007 Hypospadias 1st trimester case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Monotherapy: substance alone among the specific class of antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 1.90 [0.40;8.80] 4/19   493/6,338 497 19
ref
Total 5 studies 1.45 [1.08;1.95] 8,095 15,191
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Anderson, 2020Anderson, 2020 1.15[0.58; 2.28]--14%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Furu, 2015Furu, 2015 1.27[0.89; 1.82]4,55711,19333%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Wemakor, 2015Wemakor, 2015 3.21[1.56; 6.60]3,0412913%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Reis (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2010Reis, 2010 1 1.30[0.94; 1.80]-3,95036%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: unclearROB reporting: moderate Louik, 2007Louik, 2007 1.90[0.40; 8.80]497193%ROB confusion: moderateROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Total (5 studies) I2 = 34% 1.45[1.08; 1.95]8,09515,1910.510.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed, NOS;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.29[1.01; 1.64]4,55715,1430%NAFuru, 2015 Reis (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2010 2 case control studiescase control studies 1.90[0.91; 3.97]3,5384851%NAAnderson, 2020 Wemakor, 2015 Louik, 2007 3 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.45[1.08; 1.95]8,09515,19134%NAAnderson, 2020 Furu, 2015 Wemakor, 2015 Reis (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2010 Louik, 2007 5 Tags Adjustment   - Yes  - Yes 1.45[1.08; 1.95]8,09515,19134%NAAnderson, 2020 Furu, 2015 Wemakor, 2015 Reis (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2010 Louik, 2007 5 Monotherapy   - substance alone among all Antidep ( ...  - substance alone among all Antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 1.60[0.91; 2.80]7,59811,22264%NAAnderson, 2020 Furu, 2015 Wemakor, 2015 3   - substance alone among the specific ...  - substance alone among the specific class of antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 1.32[0.96; 1.82]4973,9690%NAReis (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2010 Louik, 2007 2 All studiesAll studies 1.45[1.08; 1.95]8,09515,19134%NAAnderson, 2020 Furu, 2015 Wemakor, 2015 Reis (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2010 Louik, 2007 50.510.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot
0.0-1.92.20.9460.000Anderson, 2020Furu, 2015Wemakor, 2015Reis (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2010Louik, 2007

Asymetry test p-value = 0.3795 (by Egger's regression)

slope=0.0492 (0.3031); intercept=1.2745 (1.2396); t=1.0281; p=0.3795

p values plot
0.01.00.01.0

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 18283

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.45[1.08; 1.95]8,12415,19134%NAAnderson, 2020 Furu, 2015 Wemakor, 2015 Reis (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2010 Louik, 2007 5 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 1.78[0.86; 3.70]473,950 -NAReis (Controls exposed to TCA), 2010 10.510.01.0

Umbrella review (other published meta-analyses)

Published MAControlPeriodTE95% CIn exposedkI2 Reefhuis (Hypospadias)Reefhuis (Hypospadias) 1.20[0.70; 2.00]NA-Wwhatever (meta-analysis)Anyduring pregnancy (anytime or not specified)studies TTT3 metaPregmetaPreg 1.45[1.08; 1.95]34%15,191----Anderson, 2020 Furu, 2015 Wemakor, 2015 Reis (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2010 Louik, 2007 50.510.01.0