Clomipramine updated on 07-01-2025

ASD (Autism spectrum disorder): Diagnosis/Risk

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S11130
R46876		 Rai (Controls exposed to SSRIs), 2017 Autism spectrum disorder (ICD-9 (299), ICD-10 (F84), or DSM-IV (299) codes) - At 4-17 years during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No Monotherapy: no or not specified 1.81 [1.05;3.12] C
excluded (control group) 		16/235   105/2,710 121 235
ref
S11128
R46877		 Rai (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2017 Autism spectrum disorder (ICD-9 (299), ICD-10 (F84), or DSM-IV (299) codes) - At 4-17 years during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: No Monotherapy: no or not specified 3.50 [2.10;5.82] C
excluded (control group) 		16/235   4,889/238,943 4,905 235
ref
S11129
R46878		 Rai (Controls unexposed, sick), 2017 Autism spectrum disorder (ICD-9 (299), ICD-10 (F84), or DSM-IV (299) codes) - At 4-17 years during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes Monotherapy: no or not specified Unexposed sick: old history of illness/treatment (> 12 months before pregnancy) or not specified 1.76 [1.01;3.05] 16/235   353/12,325 369 235
ref
Total 1 studies 1.76 [1.01;3.06] 369 235
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Rai (Controls unexposed, sick), 2017Rai, 2017 1 1.76[1.01; 3.05]3692350%ROB confusion: unclearROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate0.55.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.76[1.01; 3.06]369235 -NARai (Controls unexposed, sick), 2017 1 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.76[1.01; 3.06]369235 -NARai (Controls unexposed, sick), 2017 1 Tags Adjustment   - Yes  - Yes 1.76[1.01; 3.06]369235 -NARai (Controls unexposed, sick), 2017 1 Monotherapy   - no or not specified  - no or not specified 1.76[1.01; 3.06]369235 -NARai (Controls unexposed, sick), 2017 1 Unexposed sick   - old history of illness/treatment (> ...  - old history of illness/treatment (> 12 months before pregnancy) or not specified 1.76[1.01; 3.06]369235 -NARai (Controls unexposed, sick), 2017 1 All studiesAll studies 1.76[1.01; 3.06]369235 -NARai (Controls unexposed, sick), 2017 10.55.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 11130, 11128

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 3.50[2.10; 5.82]4,905235 -NARai (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2017 1 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.76[1.01; 3.06]369235 -NARai (Controls unexposed, sick), 2017 1 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 1.81[1.05; 3.12]121235 -NARai (Controls exposed to SSRIs), 2017 10.510.01.0