Imipramine updated on 07-01-2025

All congenital malformations (majors, minors, majors and minors, or unspecified)

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S11192
R42236		 Anderson, 2020 Major birth defects 1st trimester case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No Monotherapy: TCA only 0.37 [0.05;2.66] C 2/4   30,628/42,104 30,630 4
ref
S18307
R77100		 Kullander, 1976 Minor and major malformations 1st trimester nested case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No 2.97 [0.91;9.67] C 4/13   747/5,740 751 13
ref
Total 2 studies 1.23 [0.17;9.15] 31,381 17
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Anderson, 2020Anderson, 2020 0.37[0.05; 2.66]30,630443%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Kullander, 1976Kullander, 1976 2.97[0.91; 9.67]7511357%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 68% 1.23[0.17; 9.15]31,381170.210.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 0 case control studiescase control studies 1.23[0.17; 9.15]31,3811768%NAAnderson, 2020 Kullander, 1976 2 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.23[0.17; 9.15]31,3811768%NAAnderson, 2020 Kullander, 1976 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.23[0.17; 9.15]31,3811768%NAAnderson, 2020 Kullander, 1976 2 Monotherapy   - TCA only  - TCA only 0.37[0.05; 2.66]30,6304 -NAAnderson, 2020 1 All studiesAll studies 1.23[0.17; 9.15]31,3811768%NAAnderson, 2020 Kullander, 1976 20.110.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.23[0.17; 9.15]31,3811768%NAAnderson, 2020 Kullander, 1976 20.510.01.0