Carbamazepine (All indications)

Neonatal disorders (as a whole)

id	Study   Auto Bromley (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2023Bromley (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023Coste (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2020D'Souza (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 1991D'Souza (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1991	Lib. in paper	Exposition period  Auto during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)1st trimester2nd trimester3rd trimester2nd and/or 3rd trimesterthroughout pregnancyearly pregnancydays before deliverylate pregnancypreconception-onlypericonceptionalpreconceptional for kinetic reasonat least 1st trimester3 months (or more) before pregnancy or during pregnancy1st and 2nd trimester3 months or more before pregnancy or1st trimester	Study type  All studies Case control excluded Only case control	Control type    Auto unexposed (general population or NOS)unexposed, sickunexposed, disease freeexposed to other treatment, sicknot specifiedwhatever (meta-analysis)	Tags	OR 95%CI	x1/n1 x0/n0	no cases	no exposed	ROB	Ref.
S15367 R63236	Bromley (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2023	Neonatal complications	during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)	prospective cohort	exposed to other treatment, sick excluded	Adjustment: No	0.82 [0.28;2.40] C excluded (control group)	5/27   23/106	28	27		ref
S15368 R63249	Bromley (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023	Neonatal complications	during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)	prospective cohort	unexposed, sick	Adjustment: No	0.98 [0.32;3.02] C	5/27   15/80	20	27		ref
S9777 R34979	Coste (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2020	Neonatal condition	during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)	retrospective cohort (claims database)	unexposed (general population or NOS)	Adjustment: No	0.97 [0.74;1.27] C	59/468   221,770/1,707,707	221,829	468		ref
S9612 R34113	D'Souza (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 1991	Neonatal conditions	throughout pregnancy	prospective cohort	unexposed, disease free excluded	Adjustment: No Matched	4.67 [0.37;59.40] C excluded (control group)	1/3   6/62	7	3		ref
S9613 R34142	D'Souza (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1991	Neonatal conditions	throughout pregnancy	prospective cohort	unexposed, sick	Adjustment: No	1.50 [0.08;26.86] C	1/3   2/8	3	3		ref
					Total	3 studies	0.97 [0.75;1.26]		221,852	498
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

Sensitivity analysis

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 9612, 15367