Carbamazepine (All indications)

Elective/induced termination of pregnancy

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S12674
R47880		 Mari (Carbamazepine), 2022 Abortion throughout pregnancy retrospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: No 0.37 [0.01;19.78] C 0/29   0/11 0 29
ref
S12903
R48939		 Hosny (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2021 Induced abortion 1st trimester prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 0.02 [0.00;2.02] C
excluded (control group) 		0/31   0/1 0 31
ref
S12904
R48942		 Hosny (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Induced abortion 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 0.67 [0.01;35.25] C 0/31   0/21 0 31
ref
S9635
R34264		 Miškov (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2016 Artificial abortion during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 0.95 [0.04;24.78] C
excluded (control group) 		0/13   1/37 1 13
ref
S9636
R34268		 Miškov (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2016 Artificial abortion during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: No 10.20 [0.19;536.57] C
excluded (control group) 		0/13   0/128 0 13
ref
S9637
R34272		 Miškov (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016 Artificial abortion during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 0.28 [0.00;16.82] C 0/13   0/4 0 13
ref
S9655
R34374		 Campbell (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2014 Induced abortions 1st trimester prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: No 1.93 [0.86;4.30] C 15/1,718   10/2,198 25 1,718
ref
S9663
R34405		 Holmes (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2011 Elective termination 1st trimester prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No Controls: mixed indications 0.41 [0.05;3.70] C
excluded (control group) 		1/573   4/948 5 573
ref
S9675
R34442		 Holmes (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2011 Elective termination 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed, disease free Adjustment: No 0.99 [0.04;24.52] C 1/573   0/190 1 573
ref
S9662
R34398		 Diav-Citrin (Carbamazepine), 2001 Elective termination of pregnancy at least 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No Matched 2.30 [0.86;6.13] C 9/108   8/210 17 108
ref
Total 6 studies 1.82 [1.01;3.28] 43 2,472
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Mari (Carbamazepine), 2022Mari, 2022 1 0.37[0.01; 19.78]0292%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: unclear Hosny (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021Hosny, 2021 2 0.67[0.01; 35.25]0312%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: unclearROB missing: lowROB mesure: unclearROB reporting: moderate Miškov (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016Miškov, 2016 3 0.28[0.00; 16.82]0132%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: criticalROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Campbell (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2014Campbell, 2014 4 1.93[0.86; 4.30]251,71854%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Holmes (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2011Holmes, 2011 5 0.99[0.04; 24.52]15733%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: moderateROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Diav-Citrin (Carbamazepine), 2001Diav-Citrin, 2001 6 2.30[0.86; 6.13]1710836%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Total (6 studies) I2 = 0% 1.82[1.01; 3.28]432,4720.25.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Carbamazepine; 2: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick; 3: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick; 4: Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick; 5: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free; 6: Carbamazepine;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.82[1.01; 3.28]432,4720%NAMari (Carbamazepine), 2022 Hosny (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Miškov (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016 Campbell (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2014 Holmes (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2011 Diav-Citrin (Carbamazepine), 2001 6 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 2.14[0.84; 5.46]186810%NAHolmes (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2011 Diav-Citrin (Carbamazepine), 2001 2 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 0.44[0.03; 7.59]-440%NAHosny (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Miškov (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016 2 exposed to other treatment, sickexposed to other treatment, sick 1.81[0.82; 3.97]251,7470%NAMari (Carbamazepine), 2022 Campbell (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2014 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.82[1.01; 3.28]432,4720%NAMari (Carbamazepine), 2022 Hosny (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Miškov (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016 Campbell (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2014 Holmes (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2011 Diav-Citrin (Carbamazepine), 2001 6 MatchedMatched 2.30[0.86; 6.13]17108 -NADiav-Citrin (Carbamazepine), 2001 1 All studiesAll studies 1.82[1.01; 3.28]432,4720%NAMari (Carbamazepine), 2022 Hosny (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Miškov (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016 Campbell (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2014 Holmes (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2011 Diav-Citrin (Carbamazepine), 2001 60.15.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot
0.0-4.95.52.5070.000Mari (Carbamazepine), 2022Hosny (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021Miškov (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016Campbell (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2014Holmes (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2011Diav-Citrin (Carbamazepine), 2001

Asymetry test p-value = 0.0089 (by Egger's regression)

slope=1.1259 (0.1388); intercept=-0.8958 (0.1883); t=4.7582; p=0.0089

p values plot
0.01.00.01.0

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 9663, 9635, 9636, 12903

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 2.32[0.93; 5.79]186940%NAMiškov (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2016 Holmes (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2011 Diav-Citrin (Carbamazepine), 2001 3 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls Out of scale0.44[0.03; 7.59]-440%NAHosny (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Miškov (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016 2 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 0.84[0.25; 2.86]312,36428%NAMari (Carbamazepine), 2022 Hosny (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2021 Miškov (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2016 Campbell (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2014 Holmes (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2011 50.510.01.0