Carbamazepine (All indications)

Late intrauterine deaths (> 22 weeks)

R analysis

id	Study	Lib. in paper	Exposition period	Study type All studies Case control excluded Only case control	Control type	Tags	OR 95%CI	x1/n1 x0/n0	no cases	no exposed	ROB	Ref.
S12674 R47887	Mari (Carbamazepine), 2022	Stillborn	throughout pregnancy	retrospective cohort	exposed to other treatment, sick	Adjustment: No	1.15 [0.04;30.40] ^C	1/29 0/11	1	29		ref
S9595 R33979	AlSheikh (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2020	Stillbirth	during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)	prospective cohort	exposed to other treatment, sick excluded	Adjustment: No	16.71 [0.56;499.27] ^C excluded (control group)	1/5 0/20	1	5		ref
S9596 R33982	AlSheikh (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020	Stillbirth	during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)	prospective cohort	unexposed, sick	Adjustment: No	6.43 [0.21;201.09] ^C	1/5 0/8	1	5		ref
S9602 R34033	Aydin (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2020	Intrauterine fetal demise	throughout pregnancy	retrospective cohort	exposed to other treatment, sick excluded	Adjustment: No	1.44 [0.05;40.54] ^C excluded (control group)	1/15 0/7	1	15		ref
S9603 R34043	Aydin (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020	Intrauterine fetal demise	throughout pregnancy	retrospective cohort	unexposed, sick	Adjustment: No	4.78 [0.18;125.99] ^C	1/15 0/22	1	15		ref
S9597 R33988	Arkilo (Carbamazepine), 2015	Stillbirth	during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)	retrospective cohort	exposed to other treatment, sick	Adjustment: No	7.96 [0.35;178.85] ^C	2/16 0/22	2	16		ref
S9684 R34467	Tomson (Carbamazepine), 2015	Stillbirths	at least 1st trimester	prospective cohort	exposed to other treatment, sick	Adjustment: No	2.61 [1.00;6.82] ^C	14/1,713 6/1,910	20	1,713		ref
S9655 R34373	Campbell (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2014	Stillbirths	1st trimester	prospective cohort	exposed to other treatment, sick	Adjustment: No	0.51 [0.20;1.32] ^C	6/1,718 15/2,198	21	1,718		ref
S9663 R34406	Holmes (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2011	Stillborn	1st trimester	prospective cohort	exposed to other treatment, sick excluded	Adjustment: No Controls: mixed indications	0.83 [0.07;9.14] ^C excluded (control group)	1/573 2/948	3	573		ref
S9675 R34443	Holmes (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2011	Stillborn	1st trimester	prospective cohort	unexposed, disease free	Adjustment: No	0.99 [0.04;24.52] ^C	1/573 0/190	1	573		ref
S9662 R34399	Diav-Citrin (Carbamazepine), 2001	Stillbirths	at least 1st trimester	prospective cohort	unexposed (general population or NOS)	Adjustment: No Matched	1.95 [0.12;31.54] ^C	1/108 1/210	2	108		ref
					Total	8 studies	1.53 [0.71;3.30]		49	4,177
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; ^C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

1: Carbamazepine; 2: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick; 3: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick; 4: Carbamazepine; 5: Carbamazepine; 6: Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick; 7: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free; 8: Carbamazepine;

Sensitivity analysis

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Asymetry test p-value = 0.2996 (by Egger's regression)

slope=-0.2630 (0.6159); intercept=0.8106 (0.7140); t=1.1352; p=0.2996

p values plot

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 9663, 9595, 9602

S12674 R47887	Mari (Carbamazepine), 2022	Stillborn (86)	throughout pregnancy	exposed to other treatment, sick	1.15 [0.04;30.40]	1/29 0/11
S9595 R33979	AlSheikh (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2020	Stillbirth (86)	during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)	exposed to other treatment, sick	16.71 [0.56;499.27]	1/5 0/20
S9596 R33982	AlSheikh (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020	Stillbirth (86)	during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)	unexposed, sick	6.43 [0.21;201.09]	1/5 0/8
S9602 R34033	Aydin (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2020	Intrauterine fetal demise (86)	throughout pregnancy	exposed to other treatment, sick	1.44 [0.05;40.54]	1/15 0/7
S9603 R34043	Aydin (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020	Intrauterine fetal demise (86)	throughout pregnancy	unexposed, sick	4.78 [0.18;125.99]	1/15 0/22
S9597 R33988	Arkilo (Carbamazepine), 2015	Stillbirth (86)	during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)	exposed to other treatment, sick	7.96 [0.35;178.85]	2/16 0/22
S9684 R34467	Tomson (Carbamazepine), 2015	Stillbirths (86)	at least 1st trimester	exposed to other treatment, sick	2.61 [1.00;6.82]	14/1713 6/1910
S9655 R34373	Campbell (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2014	Stillbirths (86)	1st trimester	exposed to other treatment, sick	0.51 [0.20;1.32]	6/1718 15/2198
S9663 R34406	Holmes (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2011	Stillborn (86)	1st trimester	exposed to other treatment, sick	0.83 [0.07;9.14]	1/573 2/948
S9675 R34443	Holmes (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2011	Stillborn (86)	1st trimester	unexposed, disease free	0.99 [0.04;24.52]	1/573 0/190
S9662 R34399	Diav-Citrin (Carbamazepine), 2001	Stillbirths (86)	at least 1st trimester	unexposed (general population or NOS)	1.95 [0.12;31.54]	1/108 1/210
S9627 R35870	Katz (Carbamazepine), 2001	Stillbirths (NOS) (86)	during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)	exposed to other treatment, sick	-9.00 [-9.00;-9.00]	0/-9 -9/-9