Carbamazepine (All indications)

Urinary malformations

id	Study   Auto Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2021Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021Tomson (Carbamazepine), 2018Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014Artama (Carbamazepine), 2005	Lib. in paper	Exposition period  Auto during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)1st trimester2nd trimester3rd trimester2nd and/or 3rd trimesterthroughout pregnancyearly pregnancydays before deliverylate pregnancypreconception-onlypericonceptionalpreconceptional for kinetic reasonat least 1st trimester3 months (or more) before pregnancy or during pregnancy1st and 2nd trimester3 months or more before pregnancy or1st trimester	Study type  All studies Case control excluded Only case control	Control type    Auto unexposed (general population or NOS)unexposed, sickunexposed, disease freeexposed to other treatment, sicknot specifiedwhatever (meta-analysis)	Tags	OR 95%CI	x1/n1 x0/n0	no cases	no exposed	ROB	Ref.
S12856 R48498	Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2021	Urinary malformations	1st trimester	prospective cohort	exposed to other treatment, sick excluded	Adjustment: No	0.40 [0.04;3.68] C excluded (control group)	4/490   1/50	5	490		ref
S12858 R48510	Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021	Urinary malformations	1st trimester	prospective cohort	unexposed, sick	Adjustment: No	0.46 [0.13;1.64] C	4/490   6/340	10	490		ref
S9678 R34455	Tomson (Carbamazepine), 2018	Renal malformations	at least 1st trimester	prospective cohort	exposed to other treatment, sick	Adjustment: No	1.93 [0.79;4.74] C	12/1,957   8/2,514	20	1,957		ref
S9643 R34310	Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2014	Urinary	throughout pregnancy	population based cohort retrospective	exposed to other treatment, sick	Adjustment: No	1.83 [0.30;10.97] C	3/685   2/833	5	685		ref
S9652 R34352	Artama (Carbamazepine), 2005	Urinary system	1st trimester	retrospective cohort (registry)	unexposed, sick	Adjustment: No	2.34 [0.21;25.81] C	2/805   1/939	3	805		ref
					Total	4 studies	1.30 [0.60;2.80]		38	3,937
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

Sensitivity analysis

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 12856