Carbamazepine (All indications)

Learning disorders

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S15370
R63263		 Ren (Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications), 2023 Mathematics at 9th grade - Mean age 16.1 (SD 0.4) years during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort propective unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes extrapolated (cont. endpoint) 1.36 [0.99;1.87] -/290   -/370,569 - 290
ref
S9719
R34591		 Forsberg (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed NOS), 2011 School grades: Mathematics - not passed (at 16 years) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort (registry) unexposed (general population or NOS) excluded Adjustment: No 1.60 [0.99;2.56]
excluded (control group) 		31/160   200,988/1,188,726 201,019 160
ref
S9969
R35835		 Forsberg (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2011 School grades: Sports - not passed (at 16 years) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort (registry) unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 0.93 [0.51;1.70] C 24/157   26/160 50 157
ref
S9740
R34702		 Van der Pol (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 1991 Poor arithmetic (Dutch test) throughout pregnancy prospective cohort unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: No Matched 0.92 [0.04;21.20] C
excluded (control group) 		0/8   2/37 2 8
ref
S9741
R34727		 Van der Pol (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1991 Poor arithmetic (Dutch test) throughout pregnancy prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 0.51 [0.02;14.28] C 0/8   1/13 1 8
ref
Total 3 studies 1.24 [0.94;1.65] 51 455
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Ren (Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications), 2023Ren, 2023 1 1.36[0.99; 1.87]-29078%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: moderateROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Forsberg (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2011Forsberg, 2011 2 0.93[0.51; 1.70]5015722%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Van der Pol (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1991Van der Pol, 1991 3 0.51[0.02; 14.28]181%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: criticalROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (3 studies) I2 = 0% 1.24[0.94; 1.65]514550.25.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications; 2: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick; 3: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.24[0.94; 1.65]514550%NARen (Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications), 2023 Forsberg (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2011 Van der Pol (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1991 3 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.36[0.99; 1.87]-290 -NARen (Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications), 2023 1 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 0.91[0.50; 1.65]511650%NAForsberg (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2011 Van der Pol (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1991 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 0.91[0.50; 1.65]511650%NAForsberg (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2011 Van der Pol (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1991 2   - Yes  - Yes 1.36[0.99; 1.87]-290 -NARen (Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications), 2023 1 extrapolated (cont. endpoint)extrapolated (cont. endpoint) 1.36[0.99; 1.87]-290 -NARen (Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications), 2023 1 All studiesAll studies 1.24[0.94; 1.65]514550%NARen (Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications), 2023 Forsberg (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2011 Van der Pol (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1991 30.25.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 9740, 9719

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.43[1.10; 1.86]201,0214580%NARen (Carbamazepine) (Mixed indications), 2023 Forsberg (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed NOS), 2011 Van der Pol (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 1991 3 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 0.91[0.50; 1.65]511650%NAForsberg (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2011 Van der Pol (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1991 20.510.01.0