Carbamazepine (All indications)

Behavioral disorders

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S15231
R62556		 Dreier (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2023 Oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder - Corresponding ICD-10 F-chapter - Up to 22 years of age during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort propective exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 3.28 [1.68;6.38] C
excluded (control group) 		23/2,665   14/5,288 37 2,665
ref
S15235
R62610		 Dreier (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder - Corresponding ICD-10 F-chapter - Up to 22 years of age during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort propective unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes 0.92 [0.53;1.62] 23/2,665   110/22,203 133 2,665
ref
S9723
R34621		 Huber-Mollema (Carbamazepine), 2019 Externalizing problems (The Child Behavior Checklist) (Completed by mothers) Clinical cutoff throughout pregnancy prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: No 0.83 [0.27;2.49] C 5/37   14/88 19 37
ref
S9711
R34566		 Cohen (Carbamazepine), 2013 Agression in mean (BASC scale) (Parent ratings) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: Yes extrapolated (cont. endpoint) 1.00 [0.51;1.96] -/52   -/61 - 52
ref
S9743
R34758		 Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) b, 2013 Aggressive symptoms ≥ 2SD (at 36 months) (the Child Behaviour Checklist) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 2.02 [0.42;9.77] C
excluded (control group) 		4/31   3/44 7 31
ref
S9745
R34777		 Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free) b, 2013 Aggressive symptoms ≥ 2SD (at 36 months) (the Child Behaviour Checklist) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: No 3.50 [1.20;10.20]
excluded (control group) 		4/31   1,786/43,571 1,790 31
ref
S9746
R34791		 Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick) b, 2013 Aggressive symptoms ≥ 2SD (at 36 months) (the Child Behaviour Checklist) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 4.41 [1.11;17.50] C 4/31   5/154 9 31
ref
Total 4 studies 1.12 [0.67;1.87] 161 2,785
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Dreier (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023Dreier, 2023 1 0.92[0.53; 1.62]1332,66539%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: lowROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Huber-Mollema (Carbamazepine), 2019Huber-Mollema, 2019 2 0.83[0.27; 2.49]193717%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: criticalROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Cohen (Carbamazepine), 2013Cohen, 2013 3 1.00[0.51; 1.96]-5232%ROB confusion: moderateROB selection: lowROB classification: lowROB missing: criticalROB mesure: lowROB reporting: low Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick) b, 2013Veiby, 2013 4 4.41[1.11; 17.50]93112%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: lowROB missing: moderateROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (4 studies) I2 = 35% 1.12[0.67; 1.87]1612,7850.210.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick; 2: Carbamazepine; 3: Carbamazepine; 4: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick) ;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.12[0.67; 1.87]1612,78535%NADreier (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Huber-Mollema (Carbamazepine), 2019 Cohen (Carbamazepine), 2013 Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick) b, 2013 4 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.77[0.39; 8.04]1422,69677%NADreier (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick) b, 2013 2 exposed to other treatment, sickexposed to other treatment, sick 0.95[0.53; 1.69]19890%NAHuber-Mollema (Carbamazepine), 2019 Cohen (Carbamazepine), 2013 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.81[0.35; 9.33]286871%NAHuber-Mollema (Carbamazepine), 2019 Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick) b, 2013 2   - Yes  - Yes 0.95[0.62; 1.46]1332,7170%NADreier (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Cohen (Carbamazepine), 2013 2 extrapolated (cont. endpoint)extrapolated (cont. endpoint) 1.00[0.51; 1.96]-52 -NACohen (Carbamazepine), 2013 1 All studiesAll studies 1.12[0.67; 1.87]1612,78535%NADreier (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Huber-Mollema (Carbamazepine), 2019 Cohen (Carbamazepine), 2013 Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick) b, 2013 40.210.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot
0.0-1.81.80.8430.000Dreier (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023Huber-Mollema (Carbamazepine), 2019Cohen (Carbamazepine), 2013Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick) b, 2013

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot
0.01.00.01.0

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 9743, 9745, 15231

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 3.50[1.20; 10.20]1,79031 -NAVeiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free) b, 2013 1 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.77[0.39; 8.04]1422,69677%NADreier (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick) b, 2013 2 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 1.55[0.74; 3.24]632,78561%NADreier (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2023 Huber-Mollema (Carbamazepine), 2019 Cohen (Carbamazepine), 2013 Veiby (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) b, 2013 40.510.01.0