Carbamazepine (All indications)

Preeclampsia

id	Study   Auto Aydin (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2020Aydin (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020Cohen (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2019Cohen (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed NOS) (Mixed indications), 2019Pennell (Carbamazepine), 2012Borthen (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2011Borthen (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2011Borthen (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2011	Lib. in paper	Exposition period  Auto during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)1st trimester2nd trimester3rd trimester2nd and/or 3rd trimesterthroughout pregnancyearly pregnancydays before deliverylate pregnancypreconception-onlypericonceptionalpreconceptional for kinetic reasonat least 1st trimester3 months (or more) before pregnancy or during pregnancy1st and 2nd trimester3 months or more before pregnancy or1st trimester	Study type  All studies Case control excluded Only case control	Control type    Auto unexposed (general population or NOS)unexposed, sickunexposed, disease freeexposed to other treatment, sicknot specifiedwhatever (meta-analysis)	Tags	OR 95%CI	x1/n1 x0/n0	no cases	no exposed	ROB	Ref.
S9602 R34036	Aydin (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2020	Preeclampsia/ eclampsia	throughout pregnancy	retrospective cohort	exposed to other treatment, sick excluded	Adjustment: No	0.45 [0.01;25.16] C excluded (control group)	0/15   0/7	0	15		ref
S9603 R34046	Aydin (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020	Preeclampsia/ eclampsia	throughout pregnancy	retrospective cohort	unexposed, sick	Adjustment: No	1.48 [0.03;79.05] C	0/15   0/22	0	15		ref
S9761 R34850	Cohen (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2019	Preeclampsia	early pregnancy	retrospective cohort (claims database)	exposed to other treatment, sick excluded	Adjustment: Yes	0.96 [0.61;1.52] excluded (control group)	78/1,232   129/2,682	207	1,232		ref
S9762 R34857	Cohen (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed NOS) (Mixed indications), 2019	Preeclampsia	early pregnancy	retrospective cohort (claims database)	unexposed (general population or NOS)	Adjustment: Yes	1.29 [0.94;1.77]	78/1,232   53,634/1,440,631	53,712	1,232		ref
S9640 R34294	Pennell (Carbamazepine), 2012	Gestational hypertension	during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)	prospective cohort	exposed to other treatment, sick	Adjustment: No	1.06 [0.30;3.78] C	5/92   5/97	10	92		ref
S9752 R34821	Borthen (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2011	Pre-eclampsia	during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)	retrospective cohort	exposed to other treatment, sick excluded	Adjustment: No	0.31 [0.06;1.67] C excluded (control group)	2/28   6/30	8	28		ref
S9754 R34829	Borthen (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2011	Pre-eclampsia	during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)	retrospective cohort	unexposed, disease free excluded	Adjustment: No Matched	1.40 [0.30;6.50] excluded (control group)	2/28   11/205	13	28		ref
S9756 R34837	Borthen (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2011	Pre-eclampsia	during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)	retrospective cohort	unexposed, sick	Adjustment: No	0.55 [0.11;2.62] C	2/28   11/89	13	28		ref
					Total	4 studies	1.24 [0.92;1.67]		53,735	1,367
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

Sensitivity analysis

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 9752, 9754, 9761, 9602