| id | Study | Lib. in paper | Exposition period | Study type |
Control type |
Tags | OR 95%CI | x1/n1 x0/n0 | no cases | no exposed | ROB | Ref. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| S19377 R82251 |
Straub (Controls exposed to LTG) (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy), 2026 | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) - ICD-10 codes: F90.x - Mean follow up (full cohort): 3.4 years | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort (claims database) | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
2.31 [1.75;3.05] C excluded (control group) |
107/1,548 102/3,273 | 209 | 1,548 |
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| S19368 R82107 |
Straub (Controls unexposed, sick) (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy), 2026 | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) - ICD-10 codes: F90.x - Mean follow up (full cohort): 3.4 years | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort (claims database) | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: Yes | 1.13 [0.89;1.43] | 107/1,548 366/8,887 | 473 | 1,548 |
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| S17405 R72980 |
Madley-Dowd_SE (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to LTG) (Mixed indications), 2024 | Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - ICD-8/9/10 codes and/or ADHD medication prescription - Median follow up 15.8 (9.52-21.08) years old | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | population based cohort retrospective | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: Yes Partial overlapping |
1.16 [1.02;1.33] excluded (control group) |
257/2,427 243/5,035 | 500 | 2,427 |
|
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| S17406 R72984 |
Madley-Dowd_SE (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, general pop) (Mixed indications), 2024 | Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - ICD-8/9/10 codes and/or ADHD medication prescription - Median follow up 15.8 (9.52-21.08) years old | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | population based cohort retrospective | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: Yes Partial overlapping | 1.05 [0.92;1.19] | 257/2,427 147,608/2,651,210 | 147,865 | 2,427 |
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| S17407 R72988 |
Madley-Dowd_SE (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sibling) (Mixed indications), 2024 | Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - ICD-8/9/10 codes and/or ADHD medication prescription - Median follow up 15.8 (9.52-21.08) years old | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | population based cohort retrospective | sibling excluded | Adjustment: Yes Partial overlapping |
0.98 [0.68;1.41] excluded (control group) |
-/- -/- | - | - |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S17280 R72327 |
Madley-Dowd_UK (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to LTG) (Mixed indications), 2024 | Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - ICD10 codes and/or ADHD medication prescription - Median CBZ 9.17 (5.31-12.54) years old | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort (claims database) | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: Yes |
0.61 [0.35;1.07] excluded (control group) |
13/603 14/939 | 27 | 603 |
|
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| S17264 R72275 |
Madley-Dowd_UK (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, general pop) (Mixed indications), 2024 | Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - ICD10 codes and/or ADHD medication prescription - Median CBZ 9.17 (5.31-12.54) years old | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort (claims database) | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: Yes | 1.51 [0.87;2.61] | 13/603 4,794/514,066 | 4,807 | 603 |
|
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| S17272 R72318 |
Madley-Dowd_UK (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sibling) (Mixed indications), 2024 | Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - ICD10 codes and/or ADHD medication prescription - Median CBZ 9.17 (5.31-12.54) years old | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort (claims database) | sibling excluded | Adjustment: Yes |
0.86 [0.26;2.91] excluded (control group) |
-/- -/- | - | - |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S15231 R62555 |
Dreier (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2023 | Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) - Corresponding ICD-10 F-chapter - Up to 22 years of age | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | population based cohort propective | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
1.89 [1.41;2.53] C excluded (control group) |
89/2,665 95/5,288 | 184 | 2,665 |
|
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| S15235 R62609 |
Dreier (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 | Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) - Corresponding ICD-10 F-chapter - Up to 22 years of age | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | population based cohort propective | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: Yes | 1.05 [0.81;1.37] | 89/2,665 528/22,203 | 617 | 2,665 |
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| S9723 R34605 |
Huber-Mollema (Carbamazepine), 2019 | Diagnosis of ADHD | throughout pregnancy | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick | Adjustment: No | 0.95 [0.18;5.12] C | 2/37 5/88 | 7 | 37 |
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| S9696 R34508 |
Bromley (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2013 | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (at 6 years old) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
1.82 [0.07;46.28] C excluded (control group) |
1/50 0/30 | 1 | 50 |
|
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| S9699 R34524 |
Bromley (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2013 | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (at 6 years old) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | prospective cohort | unexposed, disease free excluded | Adjustment: No |
13.21 [0.53;329.15] C excluded (control group) |
1/50 0/214 | 1 | 50 |
|
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| S9702 R34540 |
Bromley (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013 | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (at 6 years old) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | prospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 1.58 [0.06;40.13] C | 1/50 0/26 | 1 | 50 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S9711 R34559 |
Cohen (Carbamazepine), 2013 | Children with either ADHD inattentive OR combined types > 1 SD (from the Attention Problems and Hyperactivity scales of the BASC) (Both Parent and Teacher) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick | Adjustment: No | 0.96 [0.22;4.25] C | 4/32 4/31 | 8 | 32 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 7 studies | 1.08 [0.97;1.19] | 153,778 | 7,362 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1: Controls unexposed, sick) (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy; 2: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, general pop) (Mixed indications; 3: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, general pop) (Mixed indications; 4: Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick; 5: Carbamazepine; 6: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick; 7: Carbamazepine;
Asymetry test p-value = 0.3878 (by Egger's regression)
slope=0.0440 (0.0435); intercept=0.2997 (0.3169); t=0.9456; p=0.3878
excluded 9696, 9699, 15231, 17405, 17407, 17280, 17272, 19377