Oxcarbazepine (All indications)

ASD (Autism spectrum disorder): Diagnosis/Risk

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type  Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S12731
R48047
Bjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2022 Diagnosis of childhood autism (F84.0), atypical autism (F84.1), and Asperger syndrome (F84.5) (between 6.1 and 7.9 years old) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 1.83 [1.14;2.94] C
excluded (control group)
27/1,539   49/5,073 76 1,539
ref
S12733
R48055
Bjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed NOS), 2022 Diagnosis of childhood autism (F84.0), atypical autism (F84.1), and Asperger syndrome (F84.5) (between 6.1 and 7.9 years old) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective unexposed (general population or NOS) excluded Adjustment: Yes 1.88 [1.29;2.73]
excluded (control group)
27/1,539   38,437/4,463,879 38,464 1,539
ref
S12732
R48051
Bjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2022 Diagnosis of childhood autism (F84.0), atypical autism (F84.1), and Asperger syndrome (F84.5) (between 6.1 and 7.9 years old) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes 1.33 [0.83;2.13] -/1,429   267/21,634 258 1,429
ref
S10097
R46423
Coste (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2020 Diagnosis Pervasive developmental disorders (F84) (mean age of 3.7 years old) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort (claims database) exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: Yes Controls: mixed indications 2.00 [0.30;13.80]
excluded (control group)
1/143   11/2,916 12 143
ref
S9087
R46424
Coste (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2020 Diagnosis Pervasive developmental disorders (F84) (mean age of 3.6 years old) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes 1.70 [0.20;12.40] 1/143   4,280/1,710,441 4,281 143
ref
S9964
R46426
Bjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2018 Autistic traits at 18 months and/or at 36 months (M-CHAT <2/6 critical or <3/23 or SCQ >13) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort propective exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 0.66 [0.03;13.57] C
excluded (control group)
0/4   13/76 13 4
ref
S9952
R46427
Bjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2018 Autistic traits at 18 months and/or at 36 months (M-CHAT <2/6 critical or <3/23 or SCQ >13) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort propective unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: No 1.42 [0.07;27.47] C
excluded (control group)
0/4   6,907/75,497 6,907 4
ref
S9966
R46428
Bjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2018 Autistic traits at 18 months and/or at 36 months (M-CHAT <2/6 critical or <3/23 or SCQ >13) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort propective unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 1.27 [0.06;25.24] C 0/4   27/272 27 4
ref
Total 3 studies 1.34 [0.85;2.12] 4,566 1,576
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Bjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2022Bjørk, 2022 1 1.33[0.83; 2.13]2581,42993%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: lowROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Coste (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2020Coste, 2020 2 1.70[0.20; 12.40]4,2811435%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Bjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2018Bjørk, 2018 3 1.27[0.06; 25.24]2742%ROB confusion: unclearROB selection: lowROB classification: lowROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (3 studies) I2 = 0% 1.34[0.85; 2.12]4,5661,5760.55.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick; 2: Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, NOS; 3: Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.34[0.85; 2.12]4,5661,5760%NABjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2022 Coste (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2020 Bjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2018 3 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.70[0.22; 13.39]4,281143 -NACoste (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2020 1 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.33[0.83; 2.12]2851,4330%NABjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2022 Bjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2018 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.27[0.06; 25.24]274 -NABjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2018 1   - Yes  - Yes 1.35[0.85; 2.13]4,5391,5720%NABjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2022 Coste (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2020 2 All studiesAll studies 1.34[0.85; 2.12]4,5661,5760%NABjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2022 Coste (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2020 Bjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2018 30.55.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 9964, 9952, 10097, 12731, 12733

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.87[1.29; 2.69]49,6521,6860%NABjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed NOS), 2022 Coste (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2020 Bjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2018 3 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.33[0.83; 2.12]2851,4330%NABjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2022 Bjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2018 2 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 1.80[1.14; 2.83]1011,6860%NABjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2022 Coste (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2020 Bjørk (Oxcarbazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2018 30.510.01.0