Levetiracetam (All indications) updated on 04-22-2025

Diaphragmatic hernia

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S19322
R81898		 Kim (Controls exposed to LTG) (Levetiracetam) (Indications NOS), 2026 Diaphragmatic hernia 1st trimester population based cohort retrospective exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 2.66 [0.24;29.36] C
excluded (control group) 		2/542   1/718 3 542
ref
S19315
R81817		 Kim (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Levetiracetam) (Indications NOS), 2026 Diaphragmatic hernia 1st trimester population based cohort retrospective unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes 1.43 [0.26;7.72] 2/542   3,399/2,489,078 3,401 542
ref
S10170
R37129		 Blotière (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2019 Diaphragmatic hernia 1st trimester retrospective cohort (claims database) exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 1.73 [0.07;42.42] C
excluded (control group) 		0/579   1/2,997 1 579
ref
S10037
R36214		 Blotière (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed NOS) (Mixed indications), 2019 Diaphragmatic hernia 1st trimester retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No 4.28 [0.27;68.68] C 0/579   378/1,875,733 378 579
ref
Total 2 studies 1.93 [0.45;8.19] 3,779 1,121
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Kim (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Levetiracetam) (Indications NOS), 2026Kim, 2026 1 1.43[0.26; 7.72]3,40154273%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: lowROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Blotière (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed NOS) (Mixed indications), 2019Blotière, 2019 2 4.28[0.27; 68.68]37857927%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Total (2 studies) I2 = 0% 1.93[0.45; 8.19]3,7791,1210.510.01.0ROB: A: confounding, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed, NOS) (Levetiracetam) (Indications NOS; 2: Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed NOS) (Mixed indications;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.93[0.45; 8.19]3,7791,1210%NAKim (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Levetiracetam) (Indications NOS), 2026 Blotière (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed NOS) (Mixed indications), 2019 2 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.93[0.45; 8.19]3,7791,1210%NAKim (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Levetiracetam) (Indications NOS), 2026 Blotière (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed NOS) (Mixed indications), 2019 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 4.28[0.27; 68.68]378579 -NABlotière (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed NOS) (Mixed indications), 2019 1   - Yes  - Yes 1.43[0.26; 7.79]3,401542 -NAKim (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Levetiracetam) (Indications NOS), 2026 1 All studiesAll studies 1.93[0.45; 8.19]3,7791,1210%NAKim (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Levetiracetam) (Indications NOS), 2026 Blotière (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed NOS) (Mixed indications), 2019 20.510.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 10170, 19322

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.93[0.45; 8.19]3,7791,1210%NAKim (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Levetiracetam) (Indications NOS), 2026 Blotière (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed NOS) (Mixed indications), 2019 2 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 2.27[0.33; 15.54]41,1210%NAKim (Controls exposed to LTG) (Levetiracetam) (Indications NOS), 2026 Blotière (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick) (Mixed indications), 2019 20.510.01.0