Levetiracetam (All indications) updated on 04-22-2025

Caesarean

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S18702
R79557		 Mazzone (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to LTG) (Mixed indications), 2025 Cesarean section during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 0.92 [0.77;1.11] C
excluded (control group) 		258/832   482/1,469 740 832
ref
S18703
R79565		 Mazzone (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2025 Cesarean section during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes 1.31 [1.04;1.64] 258/832   186,309/624,794 186,567 832
ref
S9001
R30572		 Koc (Levetiracetam), 2018 Cesarean during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 1.88 [0.67;5.29] C 17/28   14/31 31 28
ref
S8983
R30479		 Artama (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2013 Caesarean section during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 1.32 [0.34;5.08] C
excluded (control group) 		3/13   32/173 35 13
ref
S8984
R30491		 Artama (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2013 Caesarean section during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: Yes 1.49 [0.41;5.48]
excluded (control group) 		3/13   114,791/721,948 114,794 13
ref
S8985
R30503		 Artama (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013 Caesarean section during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes 1.05 [0.28;3.96] 3/13   331/1,800 334 13
ref
Total 3 studies 1.32 [1.06;1.65] 186,932 873
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Mazzone (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2025Mazzone, 2025 1 1.31[1.04; 1.64]186,56783293%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Koc (Levetiracetam), 2018Koc, 2018 2 1.88[0.67; 5.29]31284%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Artama (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013Artama, 2013 3 1.05[0.28; 3.96]334133%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: lowROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (3 studies) I2 = 0% 1.32[1.06; 1.65]186,9328730.55.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications; 2: Levetiracetam; 3: Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.32[1.06; 1.65]186,9328730%NAMazzone (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2025 Koc (Levetiracetam), 2018 Artama (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013 3 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.31[1.04; 1.65]186,567832 -NAMazzone (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2025 1 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.50[0.67; 3.41]365410%NAKoc (Levetiracetam), 2018 Artama (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.88[0.67; 5.29]3128 -NAKoc (Levetiracetam), 2018 1   - Yes  - Yes 1.30[1.04; 1.63]186,9018450%NAMazzone (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2025 Artama (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013 2 All studiesAll studies 1.32[1.06; 1.65]186,9328730%NAMazzone (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2025 Koc (Levetiracetam), 2018 Artama (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013 30.55.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 8983, 8984, 18702

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.32[1.05; 1.65]301,3618450%NAMazzone (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, NOS) (Mixed indications), 2025 Artama (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2013 2 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.50[0.67; 3.41]365410%NAKoc (Levetiracetam), 2018 Artama (Levetiracetam) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013 2 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 0.93[0.77; 1.11]7758450%NAMazzone (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to LTG) (Mixed indications), 2025 Artama (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2013 20.510.01.0