Phenobarbital (Epilepsy)

Urinary malformations

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S12834
R48346		 Thomas (Phenobarbital) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2021 Urinary malformations 1st trimester prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 0.12 [0.00;2.96] C
excluded (control group) 		0/137   1/50 1 137
ref
S12835
R48356		 Thomas (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Urinary malformations 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 0.19 [0.01;3.36] C 0/137   6/340 6 137
ref
S7660
R22664		 Tomson (Phenobarbital), 2018 Renal malformations at least 1st trimester prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: No 1.07 [0.13;8.58] C 1/294   8/2,514 9 294
ref
Total 2 studies 0.59 [0.11;3.19] 15 431
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Thomas (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021Thomas, 2021 1 0.19[0.01; 3.36]613734%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Tomson (Phenobarbital), 2018Tomson, 2018 2 1.07[0.13; 8.58]929466%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Total (2 studies) I2 = 0% 0.59[0.11; 3.19]154310.05.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed, sick; 2: Phenobarbital;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 0.59[0.11; 3.19]154310%NAThomas (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Tomson (Phenobarbital), 2018 2 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 0.19[0.01; 3.36]6137 -NAThomas (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 1 exposed to other treatment, sickexposed to other treatment, sick 1.07[0.13; 8.58]9294 -NATomson (Phenobarbital), 2018 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 0.59[0.11; 3.19]154310%NAThomas (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Tomson (Phenobarbital), 2018 2 All studiesAll studies 0.59[0.11; 3.19]154310%NAThomas (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Tomson (Phenobarbital), 2018 20.05.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 12834

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls Out of scale0.19[0.01; 3.36]6137 -NAThomas (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 1 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 0.51[0.07; 3.91]1043121%NAThomas (Phenobarbital) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2021 Tomson (Phenobarbital), 2018 20.510.01.0