Lamotrigine (Epilepsy)

Intrauterine deaths (as a whole or unspecified)

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type  Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S7494
R22418
Meador (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2020 Fetal loss (Spontaneous miscarriages and fetal death) 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: No 6.74 [0.34;132.16] C
excluded (control group)
3/113   0/106 3 113
ref
S7500
R22436
Meador (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020 Fetal loss (Spontaneous miscarriages and fetal death) 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 0.93 [0.05;18.87] C 3/113   0/15 3 113
ref
S8061
R24567
Trivedi, 2018 Spontaneous fetal loss (both spontaneous abortion before 20 weeks of gestation and stillbirths occurring after 20 weeks of gestation) 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes 13.33 [1.41;125.78] 4/48   5/178 9 48
ref
S7749
R22955
Vajda, 2018 Intrauterine foetal death throughout pregnancy prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 6.23 [0.83;47.00] 14/382   1/170 15 382
ref
S5546
R18856
Miškov (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2016 Fetal loss during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: No 35.31 [1.85;672.61] C
excluded (control group)
4/37   0/128 4 37
ref
S7411
R21808
Miškov (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016 Fetal loss during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 0.97 [0.04;22.01] C 4/37   0/4 4 37
ref
Total 4 studies 4.26 [1.24;14.63] 31 580
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Meador (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020Meador, 2020 1 0.93[0.05; 18.87]311317%ROB confusion: unclearROB selection: lowROB classification: lowROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: low Trivedi, 2018Trivedi, 2018 13.33[1.41; 125.78]94830%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Vajda, 2018Vajda, 2018 6.23[0.83; 47.00]1538237%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: lowROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Miškov (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016Miškov, 2016 2 0.97[0.04; 22.01]43716%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: criticalROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (4 studies) I2 = 0% 4.26[1.24; 14.63]315800.250.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed, sick; 2: Controls unexposed, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 4.26[1.24; 14.63]315800%NAMeador (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020 Trivedi, 2018 Vajda, 2018 Miškov (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016 4 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 4.26[1.24; 14.63]315800%NAMeador (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020 Trivedi, 2018 Vajda, 2018 Miškov (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016 4 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 2.60[0.59; 11.39]225320%NAMeador (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020 Vajda, 2018 Miškov (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016 3   - Yes  - Yes 13.33[1.41; 125.90]948 -NATrivedi, 2018 1 All studiesAll studies 4.26[1.24; 14.63]315800%NAMeador (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020 Trivedi, 2018 Vajda, 2018 Miškov (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016 40.250.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot
0.0-3.75.21.9120.000Meador (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020Trivedi, 2018Vajda, 2018Miškov (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot
0.01.00.01.0

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 5546, 7494

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) Out of scale15.55[1.92; 126.23]71500%NAMeador (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2020 Miškov (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2016 2 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 4.26[1.24; 14.63]315800%NAMeador (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020 Trivedi, 2018 Vajda, 2018 Miškov (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016 40.510.01.0

Umbrella review (other published meta-analyses)

Published MATE95% CIn exposedkI2Control groupExposition period Veroniki (NMA)Veroniki (NMA) 1.38[0.70; 2.88]-whatever (meta-analysis)during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)studies8 metaPregmetaPreg 4.26[1.24; 14.63]0%580--Meador (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020 Trivedi, 2018 Vajda, 2018 Miškov (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016 40.510.01.0