Lamotrigine (Epilepsy)

Cognitive developmental disorders/delay (< 3 years old)

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S15841
R65210		 Bromley (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2023 Cognitive mean score ≤ 88 (below average performance of the cohort mean) - Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development - At 24 months of age during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 0.65 [0.09;4.76] C 2/73   2/48 4 73
ref
S9948
R53709		 Videman, 2016 Griffiths Mental Developmental Scale - General quotient (at the age of 7 months) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, disease free Adjustment: No extrapolated (cont. endpoint) 4.57 [1.17;17.90] -/8   -/59 - 8
ref
S7187
R53707		 Bromley (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2010 Overall ability below average performance (≤ 84) (Griffiths) (mean age 10 months old) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: No Matched 2.03 [0.70;5.89] C
excluded (control group) 		5/34   18/230 23 34
ref
S7189
R53708		 Bromley (Controls unexposed, sick), 2010 Overall ability below average performance (≤ 84) (Griffiths) (mean age 10 months old) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 2.16 [0.38;12.09] C 5/34   2/27 7 34
ref
Total 3 studies 2.24 [0.77;6.57] 11 115
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Bromley (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2023Bromley, 2023 1 0.65[0.09; 4.76]47324%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: moderateROB mesure: lowROB reporting: low Videman, 2016Videman, 2016 4.57[1.17; 17.90]-844%ROB confusion: unclearROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: criticalROB mesure: lowROB reporting: moderate Bromley (Controls unexposed, sick), 2010Bromley, 2010 2 2.16[0.38; 12.09]73431%ROB confusion: moderateROB selection: lowROB classification: lowROB missing: moderateROB mesure: lowROB reporting: moderate Total (3 studies) I2 = 21% 2.24[0.77; 6.57]111150.210.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy; 2: Controls unexposed, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 2.24[0.77; 6.57]1111521%NABromley (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2023 Videman, 2016 Bromley (Controls unexposed, sick), 2010 3 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 4.57[1.17; 17.88]-8 -NAVideman, 2016 1 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.29[0.35; 4.75]111070%NABromley (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2023 Bromley (Controls unexposed, sick), 2010 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 2.24[0.77; 6.57]1111521%NABromley (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2023 Videman, 2016 Bromley (Controls unexposed, sick), 2010 3 extrapolated (cont. endpoint)extrapolated (cont. endpoint) 4.57[1.17; 17.88]-8 -NAVideman, 2016 1 All studiesAll studies 2.24[0.77; 6.57]1111521%NABromley (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2023 Videman, 2016 Bromley (Controls unexposed, sick), 2010 30.210.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 7187

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 2.76[1.19; 6.39]23420%NAVideman, 2016 Bromley (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2010 2 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.29[0.35; 4.75]111070%NABromley (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2023 Bromley (Controls unexposed, sick), 2010 20.510.01.0