Lamotrigine (Epilepsy)

ASD (Autism spectrum disorder): Diagnosis

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S15870
R65387		 Dreier, 2023 Autism spectrum disorder - Corresponding ICD-10 F-chapter - Up to 22 years of age during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort propective unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes 0.86 [0.65;1.14] 64/5,288   323/22,203 387 5,288
ref
S8022
R24429		 Wiggs, 2020 Austism Spectrum Disorder (after 2 years of age) at least 1st trimester population based cohort retrospective unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes 0.66 [0.27;1.58] -/-   -/11,298 - -
ref
S7964
R24614		 Cohen-Israel, 2018 Autism (a majority between 6-12 years old) 1st trimester retrospective cohort unexposed, disease free Adjustment: No Matched 0.33 [0.01;8.20] C 0/83   1/83 1 83
ref
S6604
R35206		 Bromley (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2013 Autistic Spectrum Disorders (at 6 years old) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: No 1.81 [0.20;16.76] C
excluded (control group) 		1/30   4/214 5 30
ref
S6603
R35209		 Bromley (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013 Autistic Spectrum Disorders (at 6 years old) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 2.68 [0.10;68.88] C 1/30   0/26 1 30
ref
Total 4 studies 0.84 [0.64;1.10] 389 5,401
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Dreier, 2023Dreier, 2023 0.86[0.65; 1.14]3875,28890%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: lowROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Wiggs, 2020Wiggs, 2020 0.66[0.27; 1.58]--9%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: lowROB classification: lowROB missing: moderateROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Cohen-Israel, 2018Cohen-Israel, 2018 0.33[0.01; 8.20]1831%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Bromley (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013Bromley, 2013 1 2.68[0.10; 68.88]1301%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: lowROB missing: moderateROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (4 studies) I2 = 0% 0.84[0.64; 1.10]3895,4010.210.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 0.84[0.64; 1.10]3895,4010%NADreier, 2023 Wiggs, 2020 Cohen-Israel, 2018 Bromley (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013 4 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 0.33[0.01; 8.20]183 -NACohen-Israel, 2018 1 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 0.85[0.65; 1.10]3885,3180%NADreier, 2023 Wiggs, 2020 Bromley (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013 3 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 0.93[0.09; 9.14]21130%NACohen-Israel, 2018 Bromley (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013 2   - Yes  - Yes 0.84[0.64; 1.10]3875,2880%NADreier, 2023 Wiggs, 2020 2 MatchedMatched 0.33[0.01; 8.20]183 -NACohen-Israel, 2018 1 All studiesAll studies 0.84[0.64; 1.10]3895,4010%NADreier, 2023 Wiggs, 2020 Cohen-Israel, 2018 Bromley (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013 40.110.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot
0.0-3.93.71.9870.000Dreier, 2023Wiggs, 2020Cohen-Israel, 2018Bromley (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot
0.01.00.01.0

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 6604

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.04[0.17; 6.50]61130%NACohen-Israel, 2018 Bromley (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2013 2 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 0.85[0.65; 1.10]3885,3180%NADreier, 2023 Wiggs, 2020 Bromley (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013 30.510.01.0

Umbrella review (other published meta-analyses)

Published MATE95% CIn exposedkI2Control groupExposition period Veroniki (MA)Veroniki (MA) Out of scale13.77[2.06; 188.00]-whatever (meta-analysis)1st trimesterstudies2 Veroniki (NMA)Veroniki (NMA) Out of scale10.24[1.25; 171.40]-whatever (meta-analysis)during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)studies-9 metaPregmetaPreg 0.84[0.64; 1.10]0%5,401--Dreier, 2023 Wiggs, 2020 Cohen-Israel, 2018 Bromley (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013 40.510.01.0