Clonazepam (Epilepsy) updated on 02-10-2025

Preterm (< 37 weeks)

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S5924
R15059		 Artama (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2013 Preterm birth (<37 gestational weeks) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 1.59 [0.18;13.68] C
excluded (control group) 		1/14   8/173 9 14
ref
S5905
R14851		 Artama (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2013 Preterm birth (<37 gestational weeks) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: Yes 1.95 [0.25;14.95]
excluded (control group) 		1/14   30,027/719,509 30,028 14
ref
S5916
R14970		 Artama (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013 Preterm birth (<37 gestational weeks) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes 1.85 [0.23;14.77] 1/14   85/1,793 86 14
ref
S8222
R25756		 Endo (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2004 Preterm delivery (< week 37) throughout pregnancy retrospective cohort unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: No 5.28 [0.10;267.48] C
excluded (control group) 		0/1   104/656 104 1
ref
S8224
R25786		 Endo (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2004 Preterm delivery (< week 37) throughout pregnancy retrospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 1.00 [0.00;255.63] C 0/1   0/1 0 1
ref
Total 2 studies 1.71 [0.24;12.03] 86 15
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Artama (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013Artama, 2013 1 1.85[0.23; 14.77]861488%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: lowROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Endo (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2004Endo, 2004 2 1.00[0.00; 255.63]0112%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: unclearROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 0% 1.71[0.24; 12.03]86150.55.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick; 2: Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.71[0.24; 12.03]86150%NAArtama (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013 Endo (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2004 2 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.71[0.24; 12.03]86150%NAArtama (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013 Endo (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2004 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.00[0.00; 255.63]-1 -NAEndo (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2004 1   - Yes  - Yes 1.85[0.23; 14.83]8614 -NAArtama (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013 1 All studiesAll studies 1.71[0.24; 12.03]86150%NAArtama (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013 Endo (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2004 20.55.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 8222, 5924, 5905

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 2.41[0.39; 14.80]30,132150%NAArtama (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2013 Endo (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2004 2 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.71[0.24; 12.03]86150%NAArtama (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013 Endo (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2004 2 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 1.59[0.18; 13.68]914 -NAArtama (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2013 10.510.01.0