Clonazepam (Epilepsy) updated on 02-10-2025

Minor congenital malformations

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S7271
R21040		 Battino (Epilepsy), 1992 Minor anomalies 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 5.67 [0.19;169.54] C 1/6   0/9 1 6
ref
S6165
R16219		 Robert (Epilepsy), 1986 Minor malformations 1st trimester retrospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 6.78 [0.12;386.32] C 0/1   4/35 4 1
ref
Total 2 studies 6.10 [0.45;82.29] 5 7
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Battino (Epilepsy), 1992Battino, 1992 1 5.67[0.19; 169.54]1659%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: lowROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Robert (Epilepsy), 1986Robert, 1986 2 6.78[0.12; 386.32]4141%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: unclearROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 0% 6.10[0.45; 82.29]570.920.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Epilepsy; 2: Epilepsy;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 6.10[0.45; 82.29]570%NABattino (Epilepsy), 1992 Robert (Epilepsy), 1986 2 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 6.10[0.45; 82.29]570%NABattino (Epilepsy), 1992 Robert (Epilepsy), 1986 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 6.10[0.45; 82.29]570%NABattino (Epilepsy), 1992 Robert (Epilepsy), 1986 2 All studiesAll studies 6.10[0.45; 82.29]570%NABattino (Epilepsy), 1992 Robert (Epilepsy), 1986 20.520.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 6.10[0.45; 82.29]570%NABattino (Epilepsy), 1992 Robert (Epilepsy), 1986 20.510.01.0