Levetiracetam (Epilepsy)

Emotional disorders

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S15871
R65397		 Dreier (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2023 Anxiety disorder - Corresponding ICD-10 F-chapter - Up to 22 years of age during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort propective exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 0.77 [0.44;1.33] C
excluded (control group) 		15/1,061   97/5,288 112 1,061
ref
S15872
R65405		 Dreier (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Anxiety disorder - Corresponding ICD-10 F-chapter - Up to 22 years of age during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort propective unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes 2.17 [1.26;3.72] 15/1,061   458/22,203 473 1,061
ref
S7511
R25079		 Huber-Mollema (Levetiracetam), 2019 Internalizing problems (The Child Behavior Checklist) (Completed by mothers) Clinical cutoff throughout pregnancy prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: No 0.73 [0.26;2.01] C 6/28   24/88 30 28
ref
S7308
R25106		 Bromley (Levetiracetam), 2016 Maladaptive behavior: Anxiety (BASC) (5-9 years old) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort (registry) unexposed, sick Adjustment: No extrapolated (cont. endpoint) 1.03 [0.50;2.14] -/42   -/55 - 42
ref
Total 3 studies 1.29 [0.67;2.49] 503 1,131
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Dreier (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023Dreier, 2023 1 2.17[1.26; 3.72]4731,06142%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Huber-Mollema (Levetiracetam), 2019Huber-Mollema, 2019 2 0.73[0.26; 2.01]302824%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: criticalROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Bromley (Levetiracetam), 2016Bromley, 2016 3 1.03[0.50; 2.14]-4234%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Total (3 studies) I2 = 58% 1.29[0.67; 2.49]5031,1310.25.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick; 2: Levetiracetam; 3: Levetiracetam;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.29[0.67; 2.49]5031,13158%NADreier (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Huber-Mollema (Levetiracetam), 2019 Bromley (Levetiracetam), 2016 3 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.56[0.75; 3.22]4731,10361%NADreier (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Bromley (Levetiracetam), 2016 2 exposed to other treatment, sickexposed to other treatment, sick 0.73[0.26; 2.01]3028 -NAHuber-Mollema (Levetiracetam), 2019 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 0.92[0.51; 1.65]30700%NAHuber-Mollema (Levetiracetam), 2019 Bromley (Levetiracetam), 2016 2   - Yes  - Yes 2.17[1.26; 3.73]4731,061 -NADreier (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 1 extrapolated (cont. endpoint)extrapolated (cont. endpoint) 1.03[0.50; 2.13]-42 -NABromley (Levetiracetam), 2016 1 All studiesAll studies 1.29[0.67; 2.49]5031,13158%NADreier (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Huber-Mollema (Levetiracetam), 2019 Bromley (Levetiracetam), 2016 30.25.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 15871

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.56[0.75; 3.22]4731,10361%NADreier (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Bromley (Levetiracetam), 2016 2 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 0.76[0.47; 1.23]1421,0890%NADreier (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2023 Huber-Mollema (Levetiracetam), 2019 20.510.01.0