Levetiracetam (Epilepsy)

Hypospadias

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type  Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S7651
R22632
Tomson (Levetiracetam), 2018 Hypospadias at least 1st trimester prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: No 0.70 [0.08;5.82] C 1/599   6/2,514 7 599
ref
S5938
R23787
Hernández-Díaz (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2012 Hypospadias 1st trimester prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: No Controls: mixed indications 3.47 [0.07;175.33] C 0/450   0/1,562 0 450
ref
S6063
R15769
Morrow (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2006 Hypospadias/genitourinary tract defects 1st trimester prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: No 2.29 [0.13;42.00] C 0/22   6/647 6 22
ref
Total 3 studies 1.28 [0.27;6.13] 13 1,071
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Tomson (Levetiracetam), 2018Tomson, 2018 1 0.70[0.08; 5.82]759955%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Hernández-Díaz (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2012Hernández-Díaz, 2012 2 3.47[0.07; 175.33]045016%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: moderateROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Morrow (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2006Morrow, 2006 3 2.29[0.13; 42.00]62229%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Total (3 studies) I2 = 0% 1.28[0.27; 6.13]131,0710.210.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Levetiracetam; 2: Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick; 3: Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.28[0.27; 6.13]131,0710%NATomson (Levetiracetam), 2018 Hernández-Díaz (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2012 Morrow (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2006 3 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls exposed to other treatment, sickexposed to other treatment, sick 1.28[0.27; 6.13]131,0710%NATomson (Levetiracetam), 2018 Hernández-Díaz (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2012 Morrow (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2006 3 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.28[0.27; 6.13]131,0710%NATomson (Levetiracetam), 2018 Hernández-Díaz (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2012 Morrow (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2006 3 Controls   - mixed indications  - mixed indications 3.47[0.07; 175.33]-450 -NAHernández-Díaz (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2012 1 All studiesAll studies 1.28[0.27; 6.13]131,0710%NATomson (Levetiracetam), 2018 Hernández-Díaz (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2012 Morrow (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2006 30.210.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 1.28[0.27; 6.13]131,0710%NATomson (Levetiracetam), 2018 Hernández-Díaz (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2012 Morrow (Levetiracetam) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2006 30.510.01.0