| id | Study | Lib. in paper | Exposition period | Study type |
Control type |
Tags | OR 95%CI | x1/n1 x0/n0 | no cases | no exposed | ROB | Ref. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| S6413 R17574 |
Pennell (Phenytoin), 2012 | Microcephaly at birth (head circumference < 3 percentile) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick | Adjustment: No | 0.98 [0.26;3.69] C | 4/48 6/71 | 10 | 48 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S354 R14550 |
Holmes (Phenytoin) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2001 | Microcephaly at birth (Head circumference more than 2 SD below the mean value for the same race, sex and gestational age) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort | unexposed, disease free excluded | Adjustment: No |
0.73 [0.09;5.88] C excluded (control group) |
1/87 8/508 | 9 | 87 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S5862 R14559 |
Holmes (Phenytoin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2001 | Microcephaly at birth (Head circumference more than 2 SD below the mean value for the same race, sex and gestational age) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 0.55 [0.05;6.14] C | 1/87 2/96 | 3 | 87 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S6434 R17690 |
Battino (Phenytoin), 1999 | Small head circumferences (at birth < 10th percentile) | throughout pregnancy | prospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 0.57 [0.13;2.45] C | 6/100 3/30 | 9 | 100 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S6776 R19133 |
Díaz-Romero (Phenytoin), 1999 | Head circumference <2 SD at birth (measured by a physician and correlated with sex and with gestational age) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 0.37 [0.01;20.14] C | 0/21 0/8 | 0 | 21 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S368 R19661 |
Kelly (Phenytoin), 1984 | Microcephaly at unknown age (head circumference < 5th centile) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | prospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 0.50 [0.03;8.42] C | 1/41 1/21 | 2 | 41 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 5 studies | 0.69 [0.30;1.60] | 24 | 297 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1: Phenytoin; 2: Phenytoin) (Controls unexposed, sick; 3: Phenytoin; 4: Phenytoin; 5: Phenytoin;
Asymetry test p-value = 0.1685 (by Egger's regression)
slope=0.1892 (0.3352); intercept=-0.6295 (0.3484); t=1.8070; p=0.1685
excluded 354