Omeprazole

Congenital heart defects

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S4566
R11041		 Källén, 2003 Any cardiovascular defect (except with chromosome anomaly) early pregnancy population based cohort retrospective unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes 0.94 [0.55;1.64] 13/1,663   5,414/576,067 5,427 1,663
ref
S4878
R12816		 Ruigomez (Controls exposed to other treatment, sick), 1999 Cardiac malformations 1st trimester retrospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 4.12 [0.58;29.54] C
excluded (control group) 		2/139   2/567 4 139
ref
S4877
R12769		 Ruigomez (Controls unexposed NOS), 1999 Cardiac malformations 1st trimester retrospective cohort unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No 3.27 [0.67;15.89] C 2/139   7/1,575 9 139
ref
Total 2 studies 1.39 [0.45;4.34] 5,436 1,802
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Källén, 2003Källén, 2003 0.94[0.55; 1.64]5,4271,66368%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Ruigomez (Controls unexposed NOS), 1999Ruigomez, 1999 1 3.27[0.67; 15.89]913932%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Total (2 studies) I2 = 53% 1.39[0.45; 4.34]5,4361,8020.210.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed NOS;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.39[0.45; 4.34]5,4361,80253%NAKällén, 2003 Ruigomez (Controls unexposed NOS), 1999 2 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.39[0.45; 4.34]5,4361,80253%NAKällén, 2003 Ruigomez (Controls unexposed NOS), 1999 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 3.27[0.67; 15.89]9139 -NARuigomez (Controls unexposed NOS), 1999 1   - Yes  - Yes 0.94[0.54; 1.62]5,4271,663 -NAKällén, 2003 1 All studiesAll studies 1.39[0.45; 4.34]5,4361,80253%NAKällén, 2003 Ruigomez (Controls unexposed NOS), 1999 20.210.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 4878

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.39[0.45; 4.34]5,4361,80253%NAKällén, 2003 Ruigomez (Controls unexposed NOS), 1999 2 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 4.12[0.58; 29.54]4139 -NARuigomez (Controls exposed to other treatment, sick), 1999 10.510.01.0