Omeprazole

Hypospadias

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S4802
R12325		 Lind, 2013 Isolated Second- or Third-Degree Hypospadias 1st trimester case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes 2.90 [0.70;11.30] 5/10   1,532/5,841 1,537 10
ref
S4408
R10712		 Pasternak, 2010 Hypospadia 1st trimester population based cohort retrospective unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes 1.51 [0.66;3.47] 6/1,800   -/- - 1,800
ref
S4878
R12800		 Ruigomez (Controls exposed to other treatment, sick), 1999 Hypospadias 1st trimester retrospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 0.82 [0.04;17.08] C
excluded (control group) 		0/139   2/567 2 139
ref
S4877
R12753		 Ruigomez (Controls unexposed NOS), 1999 Hypospadias 1st trimester retrospective cohort unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No 3.79 [0.15;93.41] C 0/139   1/1,575 1 139
ref
S4554
R11021		 Källèn (Controls exposed to other treatment, sick), 1998 Hypospadias 1st trimester population based cohort retrospective exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: No 0.24 [0.01;5.96] C 0/262   1/191 1 262
ref
Total 4 studies 1.69 [0.86;3.34] 1,539 2,211
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Lind, 2013Lind, 2013 2.90[0.70; 11.30]1,5371024%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Pasternak, 2010Pasternak, 2010 1.51[0.66; 3.47]-1,80067%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Ruigomez (Controls unexposed NOS), 1999Ruigomez, 1999 1 3.79[0.15; 93.41]11394%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Källèn (Controls exposed to other treatment, sick), 1998Källèn, 1998 2 0.24[0.01; 5.96]12624%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Total (4 studies) I2 = 0% 1.69[0.86; 3.34]1,5392,2110.210.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed NOS; 2: Controls exposed to other treatment, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.43[0.66; 3.12]22,2010%NAPasternak, 2010 Ruigomez (Controls unexposed NOS), 1999 Källèn (Controls exposed to other treatment, sick), 1998 3 case control studiescase control studies 2.90[0.72; 11.65]1,53710 -NALind, 2013 1 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.86[0.93; 3.72]1,5381,9490%NALind, 2013 Pasternak, 2010 Ruigomez (Controls unexposed NOS), 1999 3 exposed to other treatment, sickexposed to other treatment, sick 0.24[0.01; 5.96]1262 -NAKällèn (Controls exposed to other treatment, sick), 1998 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 0.96[0.06; 14.19]240129%NARuigomez (Controls unexposed NOS), 1999 Källèn (Controls exposed to other treatment, sick), 1998 2   - Yes  - Yes 1.79[0.88; 3.65]1,5371,8100%NALind, 2013 Pasternak, 2010 2 All studiesAll studies 1.69[0.86; 3.34]1,5392,2110%NALind, 2013 Pasternak, 2010 Ruigomez (Controls unexposed NOS), 1999 Källèn (Controls exposed to other treatment, sick), 1998 40.110.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot
0.0-3.84.41.9630.000Lind, 2013Pasternak, 2010Ruigomez (Controls unexposed NOS), 1999Källèn (Controls exposed to other treatment, sick), 1998

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot
0.01.00.01.0

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 4878

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.86[0.93; 3.72]1,5381,9490%NALind, 2013 Pasternak, 2010 Ruigomez (Controls unexposed NOS), 1999 3 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls Out of scale0.46[0.05; 4.16]34010%NARuigomez (Controls exposed to other treatment, sick), 1999 Källèn (Controls exposed to other treatment, sick), 1998 20.510.01.0