Antimycotic Azoles (all routes except local only) updated on 01-29-2025

Preterm (< 37 weeks)

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S17748
R75068		 De Santis - Itraconazole, 2009 Premature birth (NOS) 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No Matched 0.85 [0.38;1.91] C 11/162   15/190 26 162
ref
S17736
R74934		 Norgaard - Fluconazole, 2008 Preterm birth 1st trimester retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Fluconazole not specified or mixed dose 1.00 [0.80;1.30] -/1,079   -/170,453 - 1,079
ref
S17747
R75056		 Bar-Oz - Itraconazole, 2000 Preterm (NOS) 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No Matched 2.63 [0.98;7.06] 10/119   6/188 16 119
ref
S17733
R74844		 Mastroiacovo - Fluconazole, 1996 Prematurity (gestational age <37 weeks) 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Fluconazole not specified or mixed dose Matched 1.73 [0.60;4.97] -/169   -/389 - 169
ref
Total 4 studies 1.19 [0.78;1.80] 42 1,529
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF De Santis - Itraconazole, 2009De Santis - Itraconazole, 2009 0.85[0.38; 1.91]2616219%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Norgaard - Fluconazole, 2008Norgaard - Fluconazole, 2008 1.00[0.80; 1.30]-1,07954%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Bar-Oz - Itraconazole, 2000Bar-Oz - Itraconazole, 2000 2.63[0.98; 7.06]1611914%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: moderateROB missing: criticalROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Mastroiacovo - Fluconazole, 1996Mastroiacovo - Fluconazole, 1996 1.73[0.60; 4.97]-16913%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (4 studies) I2 = 35% 1.19[0.78; 1.80]421,5290.210.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.19[0.78; 1.80]421,52935%NADe Santis - Itraconazole, 2009 Norgaard - Fluconazole, 2008 Bar-Oz - Itraconazole, 2000 Mastroiacovo - Fluconazole, 1996 4 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.19[0.78; 1.80]421,52935%NADe Santis - Itraconazole, 2009 Norgaard - Fluconazole, 2008 Bar-Oz - Itraconazole, 2000 Mastroiacovo - Fluconazole, 1996 4 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.44[0.48; 4.35]4228167%NADe Santis - Itraconazole, 2009 Bar-Oz - Itraconazole, 2000 2   - Yes  - Yes 1.03[0.81; 1.30]-1,2480%NANorgaard - Fluconazole, 2008 Mastroiacovo - Fluconazole, 1996 2 Fluconazole not specified or mixed doseFluconazole not specified or mixed dose 1.03[0.81; 1.30]-1,2480%NANorgaard - Fluconazole, 2008 Mastroiacovo - Fluconazole, 1996 2 MatchedMatched 1.49[0.75; 2.95]4245037%NADe Santis - Itraconazole, 2009 Bar-Oz - Itraconazole, 2000 Mastroiacovo - Fluconazole, 1996 3 All studiesAll studies 1.19[0.78; 1.80]421,52935%NADe Santis - Itraconazole, 2009 Norgaard - Fluconazole, 2008 Bar-Oz - Itraconazole, 2000 Mastroiacovo - Fluconazole, 1996 40.210.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot
0.0-1.31.40.6470.000De Santis - Itraconazole, 2009Norgaard - Fluconazole, 2008Bar-Oz - Itraconazole, 2000Mastroiacovo - Fluconazole, 1996

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot
0.01.00.01.0

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.19[0.78; 1.80]421,52935%NADe Santis - Itraconazole, 2009 Norgaard - Fluconazole, 2008 Bar-Oz - Itraconazole, 2000 Mastroiacovo - Fluconazole, 1996 40.510.01.0