Azoles (local routes only) - Medication and Pregnancy KB

Azoles (local routes only) updated on 01-29-2025

Nervous system anomalies

R analysis

id	Study	Lib. in paper	Exposition period	Study type All studies Case control excluded Only case control	Control type	Tags	OR 95%CI	x1/n1 x0/n0	no cases	no exposed	ROB	Ref.
S10366 R38057	Zhu - Azoles (Local routes), 2020	Central Nervous System malformations	1st trimester	retrospective cohort (claims database)	unexposed (general population or NOS)	Adjustment: No Route of exposure Azoles: Local (NOS)	1.03 [0.88;1.20] ^C	162/82,090 3,603/1,875,257	3,765	82,090		ref
S4170 R9630	Rotem - Clotrimazole (Vaginal), 2018	Central nervous system (neural tube defects included)	1st trimester	retrospective cohort (claims database)	unexposed (general population or NOS)	Adjustment: Yes Route of exposure Azoles: Vaginal	1.11 [0.69;1.78]	18/1,993 789/95,781	807	1,993		ref
					Total	2 studies	1.04 [0.89;1.20]		4,572	84,083
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; ^C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

1: Local routes; 2: Vaginal;

Sensitivity analysis

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded