Econazole updated on 01-29-2025

Major congenital malformations

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S17546
R73874		 Czeizel, 2003 Major congenital anomalies 1st trimester case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Matched Route of exposure Azoles: Vaginal 1.40 [0.70;2.90] 15/34   22,828/60,960 22,843 34
ref
Total 1 studies 1.40 [0.69;2.85] 22,843 34
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Czeizel, 2003Czeizel, 2003 1.40[0.70; 2.90]22,843340%ROB confusion: unclearROB selection: criticalROB classification: moderateROB missing: moderateROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate0.55.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 0 case control studiescase control studies 1.40[0.69; 2.85]22,84334 -NACzeizel, 2003 1 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.40[0.69; 2.85]22,84334 -NACzeizel, 2003 1 Tags Adjustment   - Yes  - Yes 1.40[0.69; 2.85]22,84334 -NACzeizel, 2003 1 MatchedMatched 1.40[0.69; 2.85]22,84334 -NACzeizel, 2003 1 Route of exposure Azoles   - Vaginal  - Vaginal 1.40[0.69; 2.85]22,84334 -NACzeizel, 2003 1 All studiesAll studies 1.40[0.69; 2.85]22,84334 -NACzeizel, 2003 10.55.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.40[0.69; 2.85]22,84334 -NACzeizel, 2003 10.510.01.0