Albendazole updated on 01-29-2025

All congenital malformations (majors, minors, majors and minors, or unspecified)

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S17534
R73817		 Choi, 2017 Major malformations 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed, disease free Adjustment: Yes Matched 2.20 [0.50;10.10] 3/64   4/183 7 64
ref
S17530
R73767		 Ndibazza (Controls exposed to praziquantel), 2010 Congenital anomalies (structural or functional defects) 2nd and/or 3rd trimester randomized controlled trial exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: Randomisation 1.05 [0.68;1.63] C
excluded (control group) 		45/586   43/588 88 586
ref
S17531
R73784		 Ndibazza (Controls unexposed, sick), 2010 Congenital anomalies (structural or functional defects) 2nd and/or 3rd trimester excluded randomized controlled trial unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes Matched 1.13 [0.83;1.53]
excluded (exposition period) 		45/586   42/596 87 586
ref
S17532
R73799		 Ndyomugyenyi (Controls exposed to ivermectin), 2008 Congenital abnormalities (NOS) 2nd trimester randomized controlled trial exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: Randomisation 0.35 [0.01;8.71] C
excluded (control group) 		0/160   1/170 1 160
ref
S17533
R73807		 Ndyomugyenyi (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2008 Congenital abnormalities (NOS) 2nd trimester excluded randomized controlled trial unexposed, disease free Adjustment: Randomisation 0.43 [0.02;10.61] C
excluded (exposition period) 		0/160   1/207 1 160
ref
S17529
R73760		 Gyapong, 2003 Congenital malformation early pregnancy retrospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No Co-administration 1.05 [0.13;8.75] 1/40   5/210 6 40
ref
Total 2 studies 1.71 [0.50;5.82] 13 104
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Choi, 2017Choi, 2017 2.20[0.50; 10.10]76466%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: moderateROB missing: criticalROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Gyapong, 2003Gyapong, 2003 1.05[0.13; 8.75]64034%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 0% 1.71[0.50; 5.82]131040.55.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.71[0.50; 5.82]131040%NAChoi, 2017 Gyapong, 2003 2 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 2.20[0.49; 9.89]764 -NAChoi, 2017 1 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.05[0.13; 8.61]640 -NAGyapong, 2003 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.05[0.13; 8.61]640 -NAGyapong, 2003 1   - Yes  - Yes 2.20[0.49; 9.89]764 -NAChoi, 2017 1 Co-administrationCo-administration 1.05[0.13; 8.61]640 -NAGyapong, 2003 1 MatchedMatched 2.20[0.49; 9.89]764 -NAChoi, 2017 1 All studiesAll studies 1.71[0.50; 5.82]131040%NAChoi, 2017 Gyapong, 2003 20.55.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 17532, 17530

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 2.20[0.49; 9.89]764 -NAChoi, 2017 1 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.05[0.13; 8.61]640 -NAGyapong, 2003 10.510.01.0