Metronidazole (all routes except local only) updated on 01-29-2025

Club foot / Talipes equinovarus

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S17597
R74292		 Werler, 2014 Isolated Clubfoot without first-degree history 1st trimester case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes 2.73 [0.54;13.91] 4/11   566/2,581 570 11
ref
S17589
R74231		 Czeizel, 1998 Club foot 1st trimester case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes 1.11 [0.60;2.05] 11/173   1,878/32,349 1,889 173
ref
Total 2 studies 1.26 [0.68;2.30] 2,459 184
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Werler, 2014Werler, 2014 2.73[0.54; 13.91]5701114%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Czeizel, 1998Czeizel, 1998 1.11[0.60; 2.05]1,88917386%ROB confusion: unclearROB selection: criticalROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 3% 1.26[0.68; 2.30]2,4591840.510.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 0 case control studiescase control studies 1.26[0.68; 2.30]2,4591843%NAWerler, 2014 Czeizel, 1998 2 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.26[0.68; 2.30]2,4591843%NAWerler, 2014 Czeizel, 1998 2 Tags Adjustment   - Yes  - Yes 1.26[0.68; 2.30]2,4591843%NAWerler, 2014 Czeizel, 1998 2 All studiesAll studies 1.26[0.68; 2.30]2,4591843%NAWerler, 2014 Czeizel, 1998 20.510.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.26[0.68; 2.30]2,4591843%NAWerler, 2014 Czeizel, 1998 20.510.01.0