Interferon beta (IFN-beta)

Intrauterine deaths (as a whole or unspecified)

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S3647
R7581		 Nguyen (control exposed to Glatiramer), 2019 Spontaneous abortion/Miscarriage (NOS) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 0.63 [0.27;1.47] C
excluded (control group) 		16/302   9/110 25 302
ref
S3648
R7584		 Nguyen (control unexposed, sick), 2019 Spontaneous abortion/Miscarriage (NOS) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 0.80 [0.45;1.42] C 16/302   50/763 66 302
ref
S3636
R7512		 Fragoso b (control exposed to Glatiramer), 2013 Spontaneous abortion (NOS) at least 1st trimester retrospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 0.47 [0.02;10.26] C
excluded (control group) 		0/17   2/41 2 17
ref
S3637
R7528		 Fragoso b (control unexposed, sick), 2013 Spontaneous abortion (NOS) at least 1st trimester retrospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 1.05 [0.05;22.85] C 0/17   2/89 2 17
ref
S3613
R7359		 Weber-Schoendorfer (control exposed to Glatiramer), 2009 Miscarriage at least 1st trimester prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 3.30 [0.39;28.31] C
excluded (control group) 		7/60   1/26 8 60
ref
S3614
R7363		 Weber-Schoendorfer (control unexposed, disease free), 2009 Miscarriage at least 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: No 1.52 [0.57;3.47]
excluded (control group) 		7/60   138/1,515 145 60
ref
S3615
R7367		 Weber-Schoendorfer (control unexposed, sick), 2009 Miscarriage at least 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 1.21 [0.38;3.84] C 7/60   6/61 13 60
ref
S3723
R8014		 Boskovic (control unexposed, disease free), 2005 Non-live birth 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: No 7.50 [1.39;40.43] C
excluded (control group) 		10/22   2/20 12 22
ref
S3724
R8020		 Boskovic (control unexposed, sick), 2005 Non-live birth 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 3.54 [0.90;14.01] C 10/22   4/21 14 22
ref
Total 4 studies 1.16 [0.61;2.22] 95 401
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Nguyen (control unexposed, sick), 2019Nguyen, 2019 1 0.80[0.45; 1.42]6630254%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Fragoso b (control unexposed, sick), 2013Fragoso b, 2013 2 1.05[0.05; 22.85]2174%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Weber-Schoendorfer (control unexposed, sick), 2009Weber-Schoendorfer, 2009 3 1.21[0.38; 3.84]136024%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Boskovic (control unexposed, sick), 2005Boskovic, 2005 4 3.54[0.90; 14.01]142218%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Total (4 studies) I2 = 23% 1.16[0.61; 2.22]954010.210.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: control unexposed, sick; 2: control unexposed, sick; 3: control unexposed, sick; 4: control unexposed, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.16[0.61; 2.22]9540123%NANguyen (control unexposed, sick), 2019 Fragoso b (control unexposed, sick), 2013 Weber-Schoendorfer (control unexposed, sick), 2009 Boskovic (control unexposed, sick), 2005 4 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.16[0.61; 2.22]9540123%NANguyen (control unexposed, sick), 2019 Fragoso b (control unexposed, sick), 2013 Weber-Schoendorfer (control unexposed, sick), 2009 Boskovic (control unexposed, sick), 2005 4 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.16[0.61; 2.22]9540123%NANguyen (control unexposed, sick), 2019 Fragoso b (control unexposed, sick), 2013 Weber-Schoendorfer (control unexposed, sick), 2009 Boskovic (control unexposed, sick), 2005 4 All studiesAll studies 1.16[0.61; 2.22]9540123%NANguyen (control unexposed, sick), 2019 Fragoso b (control unexposed, sick), 2013 Weber-Schoendorfer (control unexposed, sick), 2009 Boskovic (control unexposed, sick), 2005 40.210.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot
0.0-3.73.81.8870.000Nguyen (control unexposed, sick), 2019Fragoso b (control unexposed, sick), 2013Weber-Schoendorfer (control unexposed, sick), 2009Boskovic (control unexposed, sick), 2005

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot
0.01.00.01.0

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 3723, 3613, 3614, 3636, 3647

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 2.86[0.62; 13.23]1578263%NAWeber-Schoendorfer (control unexposed, disease free), 2009 Boskovic (control unexposed, disease free), 2005 2 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.16[0.61; 2.22]9540123%NANguyen (control unexposed, sick), 2019 Fragoso b (control unexposed, sick), 2013 Weber-Schoendorfer (control unexposed, sick), 2009 Boskovic (control unexposed, sick), 2005 4 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 0.78[0.34; 1.79]353794%NANguyen (control exposed to Glatiramer), 2019 Fragoso b (control exposed to Glatiramer), 2013 Weber-Schoendorfer (control exposed to Glatiramer), 2009 30.510.01.0