Diuretics (versus unexposed) updated on 03-11-2025

Hydrocephaly

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S13788
R54045		 Fisher a - Diuretics, 2018 Hydrocephaly 1st trimester case control unexposed, disease free Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified 6.00 [1.50;18.70] 4/-   436/- 440 -
ref
S17837
R75290		 Czeizel - Furosemide, 1999 Hydrocephaly 1st trimester case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified Matched 3.96 [0.24;66.36] C 0/15   311/38,447 311 15
ref
Total 2 studies 5.60 [1.77;17.71] 751 15
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Fisher a - Diuretics, 2018Fisher a - Diuretics, 2018 6.00[1.50; 18.70]440-83%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: unclearROB reporting: moderate Czeizel - Furosemide, 1999Czeizel - Furosemide, 1999 3.96[0.24; 66.36]3111517%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 0% 5.60[1.77; 17.71]751150.920.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 0 case control studiescase control studies 5.60[1.77; 17.71]751150%NAFisher a - Diuretics, 2018 Czeizel - Furosemide, 1999 2 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 5.60[1.77; 17.71]751150%NAFisher a - Diuretics, 2018 Czeizel - Furosemide, 1999 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 5.60[1.77; 17.71]751150%NAFisher a - Diuretics, 2018 Czeizel - Furosemide, 1999 2 Indications Antihypertensive   - All hypertensions, any indications ...  - All hypertensions, any indications or not specified 5.60[1.77; 17.71]751150%NAFisher a - Diuretics, 2018 Czeizel - Furosemide, 1999 2 MatchedMatched 3.96[0.24; 66.36]31115 -NACzeizel - Furosemide, 1999 1 All studiesAll studies 5.60[1.77; 17.71]751150%NAFisher a - Diuretics, 2018 Czeizel - Furosemide, 1999 20.520.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 5.60[1.77; 17.71]751150%NAFisher a - Diuretics, 2018 Czeizel - Furosemide, 1999 20.510.01.0