Centrally acting antiadrenergic (versus unexposed) - Medication and Pregnancy KB

Centrally acting antiadrenergic (versus unexposed) updated on 03-11-2025

All congenital malformations (majors, minors, majors and minors, or unspecified)

R analysis

id	Study	Lib. in paper	Exposition period	Study type All studies Case control excluded Only case control	Control type	Tags	OR 95%CI	x1/n1 x0/n0	no cases	no exposed	ROB	Ref.
S14094 R56266	Ishikawa - Methyldopa (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2023	Major congenital malformations	1st trimester	retrospective cohort (claims database)	unexposed, disease free excluded	Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: Only chronic hypertension indication	1.65 [0.83;3.29] ^C excluded (control group)	9/93 4,519/74,213	4,528	93		ref
S14095 R56267	Ishikawa - Methyldopa (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023	Major congenital malformations	1st trimester	retrospective cohort (claims database)	unexposed, sick	Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: Only chronic hypertension indication	1.41 [0.68;2.93] ^C	9/93 71/1,007	80	93		ref
S13390 R56254	Hoeltzenbein - Methyldopa (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2017	Major birth defects	at least 1st trimester	prospective cohort	unexposed, disease free	Adjustment: Yes Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified	1.24 [0.40;4.00]	9/246 12/483	21	246		ref
S13475 R56280	Nakhai-Pour - Centrally acting, 2010	Major malformations	1st trimester	nested case control	unexposed (general population or NOS)	Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified	1.76 [0.40;7.71] ^C	2/17 4,153/59,016	4,155	17		ref
S14186 R56290	Redman - Methyldopa, 1976	Significant congenital abnormalities	during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) excluded	randomized controlled trial	unexposed, sick	Adjustment: Randomisation Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified	1.02 [0.06;16.53] ^C excluded (exposition period)	1/101 1/103	2	101		ref
					Total	3 studies	1.41 [0.80;2.50]		4,256	356
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; ^C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

1: Controls unexposed, sick; 2: Controls unexposed, disease free;

Sensitivity analysis

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 14094